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Texas ironweed

tall ironweed

Habit Plants 4–8(–10+) dm. Plants 5–10+ dm.
Stems

puberulent, glabrescent.

sparsely appressed-puberulent, glabrescent.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

blades ovate-lanceolate (basal) to narrowly lanceolate (distal), 5–12+ cm × (5–)12–25+ mm, l/w = 3–5 (basal) or 8–17 (distal), abaxially glabrate (pitted, awl-shaped hairs in pits), adaxially puberulent and/or scabrellous.

mostly cauline;

blades (mid stem) lance-linear to filiform, 5–12 cm × 2–4(–8+) mm, l/w = (8–)12–30(–60+), abaxially glabrous but for scattered hairs on midribs or scabrellous (hairs awl-shaped), resin-gland-dotted or not, adaxially scabrellous.

Peduncles

1–35 mm.

8–25 mm.

Involucres

± obconic to hemispheric, 4.5–6 × 5–7 mm.

± campanulate to obconic, 5–7(–10) × 4–6(–9) mm.

Florets

12–24+.

12–20(–30).

Phyllaries

35–45+ in 5–6+ series, glabrescent, margins arachno-ciliolate, the outer lance-deltate, 1–32 mm, inner oblong to linear, 4–5(–6) mm, tips acute or rounded-apiculate.

22–45+ in 5–6 series, sparsely scabrellous, glabrescent, margins ciliolate, the outer lanceolate to subulate, 1.5–3 mm, inner lance-ovate to lanceolate, 5–9+ mm, tips acuminate to subulate.

Heads

in open, paniculiform-scorpioid arrays.

in ± corymbiform to paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

2–3 mm;

pappi usually whitish to stramineous (rarely purplish), outer scales or bristles 20+, 0.3–1+ mm, contrasting or intergrading with 20+, 6–7+ mm inner subulate scales or bristles.

2.5–3 mm;

pappi stramineous to purplish, outer scales 25–30, 0.5–1.2+ mm, contrasting with 35–40+, 5.5–6+ mm inner bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia texana

Vernonia angustifolia

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Pinelands, scrub oak woodlands, sandy or sandy-clay soils Pine barrens, oak woodlands
Elevation 60–200 m (200–700 ft) 10–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; LA; MS; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 211. FNA vol. 19, p. 209.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella
V. acaulis, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
Synonyms V. angustifolia var. texana V. angustifolia subsp. mohrii, V. angustifolia subsp. scaberrima, V. angustifolia var. scaberrima, V. scaberrima
Name authority (A. Gray) Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1338. (1903) Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 94. (1803)
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