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New York ironweed

Baldwin's ironweed

Habit Plants 8–12(–20) dm. Plants 6–10(–15) dm.
Stems

puberulent, glabrescent.

puberulent to ± tomentose.

Leaves

mostly cauline;

blades ± lanceolate, 9–15(–25+) cm × 15–45(–60+) mm, l/w = (3.3–)4–6+, abaxially scabrellous, tomentose, or pannose, resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scabrellous, often resin-gland-dotted.

mostly cauline;

blades elliptic to lance-ovate or lanceolate, 8–15(–18+) cm × 20–45(–75+) mm, l/w = 2–5, abaxially usually puberulent to tomentose or pannose (hairs ± erect, ± curled), seldom glabrate, resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scabrellous, glabrescent, not resin-gland-dotted.

Peduncles

2–35 mm.

1–25 mm.

Involucres

± hemispheric, 6–10 × 7–10 mm.

broadly campanulate to hemispheric, 4–6(–8+) × 4–7+ mm.

Florets

30–45(–65).

(15–)20–25(–35+).

Phyllaries

35–60+ in 4–6+ series, sparsely tomentulose, glabrescent, margins ciliolate, the outer lanceolate to subulate, 1–3 mm, inner oblong, 7–9+ mm, tips subulate to filiform.

45–65+ in 5–6 series, usually puberulent (often resin-gland-dotted distally), sometimes glabrescent, margins ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 1–2 mm, inner oblong to lanceolate, 5–8+ mm, tips rounded-apiculate to acute (sometimes recurved).

Heads

in corymbiform to paniculiform arrays.

in corymbiform-scorpioid arrays.

Cypselae

3.5–4+ mm;

pappi fuscous to purplish, outer scales 20, 0.2–0.6+ mm, contrasting with 30–40+, 5–7+ mm inner bristles.

2.5–3 mm;

pappi fuscous to purplish, outer scales 25–30, 0.2–1 mm, contrasting with 35–40+, 5–7+ mm inner bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia noveboracensis

Vernonia baldwinii

Phenology Flowering Aug–Oct. Flowering Jun–Nov.
Habitat Abandoned fields, marshes, roadsides Disturbed places, grasslands, flood plains, forest margins, prairies
Elevation 10–600 m (0–2000 ft) 10–1100 m (0–3600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; MA; MD; NC; NJ; NY; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; CO; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MI; MO; NE; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Regarding Vernona baldwinii and V. interior, L. H. Shinners (1950) wrote, “The tips of the phyllaries vary from loosely appressed to squarrose, and from puberulent to almost completely glabrous on the inner face. The geographic distribution of the two extremes is nearly identical. I consider the two to be merely forms of one species.” I concur.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 209. FNA vol. 19, p. 213.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. pulchella, V. texana
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
Synonyms Serratula noveboracensis, V. harperi, V. noveboracensis var. tomentosa V. baldwinii subsp. interior, V. baldwinii var. interior, V. interior
Name authority (Linnaeus) Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 95. (1803) Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 211. (1827)
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