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Missouri ironweed

Texas ironweed

Habit Plants 6–12(–20+) dm. Plants 4–8(–10+) dm.
Stems

puberulent.

puberulent, glabrescent.

Leaves

mostly cauline;

blades elliptic to lance-ovate or lanceolate, 6–16(–20+) cm × 18–48+ mm, l/w = 2.5–4(–6+), abaxially usually puberulent to tomentose or pannose (hairs ± erect, ± curled), seldom glabrate, resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scabrellous, glabrescent, not resin-gland-dotted.

basal and cauline;

blades ovate-lanceolate (basal) to narrowly lanceolate (distal), 5–12+ cm × (5–)12–25+ mm, l/w = 3–5 (basal) or 8–17 (distal), abaxially glabrate (pitted, awl-shaped hairs in pits), adaxially puberulent and/or scabrellous.

Peduncles

3–35 mm.

1–35 mm.

Involucres

broadly campanulate to urceolate, (6–)7–10+ × 5–9+ mm.

± obconic to hemispheric, 4.5–6 × 5–7 mm.

Florets

30–55+.

12–24+.

Phyllaries

50–70+ in 6–7 series, sparsely scabrellous, glabrescent (seldom resin-gland-dotted), margins ciliolate, the outer lanceolate, 1–2 mm, inner linear-oblong to oblong, 6–7(–9+) mm, tips acute or rounded-apiculate.

35–45+ in 5–6+ series, glabrescent, margins arachno-ciliolate, the outer lance-deltate, 1–32 mm, inner oblong to linear, 4–5(–6) mm, tips acute or rounded-apiculate.

Heads

in corymbiform-scorpioid arrays.

in open, paniculiform-scorpioid arrays.

Cypselae

3.5–4;

pappi stramineous to whitish, outer scales 25–30, 0.5–1.1 mm, contrasting with 35–40+, 6–8+ mm inner bristles.

2–3 mm;

pappi usually whitish to stramineous (rarely purplish), outer scales or bristles 20+, 0.3–1+ mm, contrasting or intergrading with 20+, 6–7+ mm inner subulate scales or bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia missurica

Vernonia texana

Phenology Flowering Jul–Sep. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Prairies, loamy to sandy soils Pinelands, scrub oak woodlands, sandy or sandy-clay soils
Elevation 30–200 m (100–700 ft) 60–200 m (200–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MI; MO; MS; OK; TN; TX
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; LA; MS; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 212. FNA vol. 19, p. 211.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella
Synonyms V. angustifolia var. texana
Name authority Rafinesque: Herb. Raf., 28. (1833) (A. Gray) Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1338. (1903)
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