The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Missouri ironweed

giant ironweed, tall ironweed

Habit Plants 6–12(–20+) dm. Plants 8–20(–30+) dm.
Stems

puberulent.

puberulent, glabrescent.

Leaves

mostly cauline;

blades elliptic to lance-ovate or lanceolate, 6–16(–20+) cm × 18–48+ mm, l/w = 2.5–4(–6+), abaxially usually puberulent to tomentose or pannose (hairs ± erect, ± curled), seldom glabrate, resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scabrellous, glabrescent, not resin-gland-dotted.

mostly cauline;

blades ± lanceolate, 12–25+ cm × 20–60+ mm, l/w = (3.5–)4–7+, abaxially scabrellous (hairs awl-shaped), sometimes glabrescent, not or sparsely resin-gland-dotted, adaxially strigillose, glabrescent, not resin-gland-dotted.

Peduncles

3–35 mm.

1–12(–20+) mm.

Involucres

broadly campanulate to urceolate, (6–)7–10+ × 5–9+ mm.

broadly campanulate to hemispheric, 4–5+ × 4–5 mm.

Florets

30–55+.

(9–)18–24(–30).

Phyllaries

50–70+ in 6–7 series, sparsely scabrellous, glabrescent (seldom resin-gland-dotted), margins ciliolate, the outer lanceolate, 1–2 mm, inner linear-oblong to oblong, 6–7(–9+) mm, tips acute or rounded-apiculate.

30–40+ in 4–5 series, glabrate, margins ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 1–2 mm, inner oblong, 3.5–5 mm, tips acute or rounded-apiculate.

Heads

in corymbiform-scorpioid arrays.

in corymbiform-scorpioid arrays.

Cypselae

3.5–4;

pappi stramineous to whitish, outer scales 25–30, 0.5–1.1 mm, contrasting with 35–40+, 6–8+ mm inner bristles.

2.5–3.5 mm;

pappi usually purplish, sometimes stramineous, outer scales 20–25, 0.5–1 mm, contrasting with 35–40+, 4.5–6+ mm inner bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia missurica

Vernonia gigantea

Phenology Flowering Jul–Sep. Flowering Jun–Sep.
Habitat Prairies, loamy to sandy soils Flood plains
Elevation 30–200 m (100–700 ft) 10–300 m (0–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MI; MO; MS; OK; TN; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 212. FNA vol. 19, p. 212.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
Synonyms Chrysocoma gigantea, V. altissima, V. altissima var. taeniotricha, V. gigantea subsp. ovalifolia, V. ovalifolia
Name authority Rafinesque: Herb. Raf., 28. (1833) (Walter) Branner & Coville: Rep. (Annual) Arkansas Geol. Surv. 4: 189. (1891)
Web links