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ironplant, plains ironweed

stemless ironweed

Habit Plants 3–5(–8+) dm. Plants 4–6(–10) dm.
Stems

puberulent, glabrescent.

± puberulent, glabrescent.

Leaves

mostly cauline;

blades narrowly lanceolate to lance-linear, 5–15+ cm × (2.5–)8–12+ mm, l/w = 8–20(–30+), abaxially glabrate (pitted, awl-shaped hairs in pits), adaxially puberulent, glabrescent (sometimes pitted).

mostly basal;

blades oblong-elliptic to spatulate (basal, the distal narrower), 11–25(–30) cm × (21–)60–75+ mm, l/w = 2–4(–5+), abaxially usually glabrous or glabrate, sometimes hirsutulous on veins, usually resin-gland-dotted, adaxially ± scabrellous or glabrate.

Peduncles

(3–)10–35 mm.

5–50 mm.

Involucres

narrowly campanulate, (7–)9–11 × 5–6 mm.

campanulate to hemispheric, 5–10 × 6–7 mm.

Florets

10–25+.

30–40(–55+).

Phyllaries

35–40+ in 5–6+ series, glabrescent, margins arachno-ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 1–2 mm, inner oblong to linear-oblong, 6–9+ mm, tips ± acuminate.

40–60 in 5–6 series, glabrate, margins ciliolate, the outer lance-linear, 2–4 mm, inner lance-ovate to lance-subulate, 5–9 mm, tips subulate to filiform.

Heads

in corymbiform arrays.

in loose, corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

4–5 mm;

pappi stramineous to purplish, outer subulate scales or bristles 30+, 0.6–2+ mm, intergrading with 40+, 8–9+ mm inner subulate scales or bristles.

2.5–3+ mm;

pappi whitish to stramineous, outer scales ca. 20, 0.6–1 mm, contrasting with 25–40, 5–7+ mm inner bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia marginata

Vernonia acaulis

Phenology Flowering Jul–Aug. Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Ditches, sandy flats, stream banks Open woods, pine savannas, bogs, disturbed places
Elevation 600–2000 m (2000–6600 ft) 10–300 m (0–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; KS; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; GA; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 211. FNA vol. 19, p. 208.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
Synonyms V. altissima var. marginata Chrysocoma acaulis
Name authority (Torrey) Rafinesque: Atlantic J. 1: 146. (1832) (Walter) Gleason: Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 222. (1906)
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