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woolly ironweed

Baldwin's ironweed

Habit Plants 2–5(–8+) dm. Plants 6–10(–15) dm.
Stems

± pannose.

puberulent to ± tomentose.

Leaves

mostly cauline;

blades linear, 5–8 cm × 2–4 mm, l/w = 17–25(–40), abaxially densely sericeo-tomentose, adaxially usually glabrate, sometimes sparsely arachno-tomentose.

mostly cauline;

blades elliptic to lance-ovate or lanceolate, 8–15(–18+) cm × 20–45(–75+) mm, l/w = 2–5, abaxially usually puberulent to tomentose or pannose (hairs ± erect, ± curled), seldom glabrate, resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scabrellous, glabrescent, not resin-gland-dotted.

Peduncles

5–35 mm.

1–25 mm.

Involucres

± obconic to campanulate, 6–10 × 5–8 mm.

broadly campanulate to hemispheric, 4–6(–8+) × 4–7+ mm.

Florets

12–24+.

(15–)20–25(–35+).

Phyllaries

40–50+ in 5–6+ series, sericeo-tomentose, including margins, the outer lance-ovate, 1–2 mm, the inner lanceolate to lance-linear, 6–7(–9+) mm, tips acute.

45–65+ in 5–6 series, usually puberulent (often resin-gland-dotted distally), sometimes glabrescent, margins ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 1–2 mm, inner oblong to lanceolate, 5–8+ mm, tips rounded-apiculate to acute (sometimes recurved).

Heads

in corymbiform arrays.

in corymbiform-scorpioid arrays.

Cypselae

3–4 mm;

pappi stramineous to purplish, outer scales 20+, 0.6–1.1 mm, contrasting with 20+, 6–7+ mm inner bristles.

2.5–3 mm;

pappi fuscous to purplish, outer scales 25–30, 0.2–1 mm, contrasting with 35–40+, 5–7+ mm inner bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia lindheimeri

Vernonia baldwinii

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering Jun–Nov.
Habitat Calcareous soils, rocky banks Disturbed places, grasslands, flood plains, forest margins, prairies
Elevation 300 m (1000 ft) 10–1100 m (0–3600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; CO; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MI; MO; NE; OK; TX
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Regarding Vernona baldwinii and V. interior, L. H. Shinners (1950) wrote, “The tips of the phyllaries vary from loosely appressed to squarrose, and from puberulent to almost completely glabrous on the inner face. The geographic distribution of the two extremes is nearly identical. I consider the two to be merely forms of one species.” I concur.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 210. FNA vol. 19, p. 213.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
Synonyms V. baldwinii subsp. interior, V. baldwinii var. interior, V. interior
Name authority A. Gray & Engelmann: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 1: 46. (1847) Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 211. (1827)
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