Vernonia baldwinii |
Vernonia arkansana |
|
---|---|---|
Baldwin's ironweed |
Arkansas ironweed, great ironweed |
|
Habit | Plants 6–10(–15) dm. | Plants 8–12(–20) dm. |
Stems | puberulent to ± tomentose. |
scabrellous to pilosulous, glabrescent. |
Leaves | mostly cauline; blades elliptic to lance-ovate or lanceolate, 8–15(–18+) cm × 20–45(–75+) mm, l/w = 2–5, abaxially usually puberulent to tomentose or pannose (hairs ± erect, ± curled), seldom glabrate, resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scabrellous, glabrescent, not resin-gland-dotted. |
mostly cauline; blades lance-linear, 6–14(–20) cm × 7–15(–25) mm, l/w = 7–10(–18), abaxially scabrellous (hairs awl-shaped), resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scaberulous, glabrescent, resin-gland-dotted. |
Peduncles | 1–25 mm. |
2–5 cm. |
Involucres | broadly campanulate to hemispheric, 4–6(–8+) × 4–7+ mm. |
± hemispheric, 11–15 × 11–15 mm. |
Florets | (15–)20–25(–35+). |
50–100+. |
Phyllaries | 45–65+ in 5–6 series, usually puberulent (often resin-gland-dotted distally), sometimes glabrescent, margins ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 1–2 mm, inner oblong to lanceolate, 5–8+ mm, tips rounded-apiculate to acute (sometimes recurved). |
(50–)60–70+ in 5–6 series, scabrellous (and resin-gland-dotted), margins ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 3–8+ mm, inner lanceolate, 12–15 mm, tips subulate to filiform. |
Heads | in corymbiform-scorpioid arrays. |
in ± corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | 2.5–3 mm; pappi fuscous to purplish, outer scales 25–30, 0.2–1 mm, contrasting with 35–40+, 5–7+ mm inner bristles. |
3–5 mm; pappi fuscous to purplish, outer scales 25–30+, 0.5–1 mm, contrasting with 25–30+, 5–7 mm inner bristles. |
2n | = 34. |
= 34. |
Vernonia baldwinii |
Vernonia arkansana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Nov. | Flowering Aug–Oct. |
Habitat | Disturbed places, grasslands, flood plains, forest margins, prairies | Leas, roadsides, stream banks, in sand or on limestone |
Elevation | 10–1100 m (0–3600 ft) | 200–300 m (700–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AR; CO; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MI; MO; NE; OK; TX
|
AR; KS; MO; OK
|
Discussion | Regarding Vernona baldwinii and V. interior, L. H. Shinners (1950) wrote, “The tips of the phyllaries vary from loosely appressed to squarrose, and from puberulent to almost completely glabrous on the inner face. The geographic distribution of the two extremes is nearly identical. I consider the two to be merely forms of one species.” I concur. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vernonia arkansana was published in April, V. crinita in October 1838. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 213. | FNA vol. 19, p. 208. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia | Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. baldwinii subsp. interior, V. baldwinii var. interior, V. interior | V. crinita |
Name authority | Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 211. (1827) | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 7: 264. (1838) |
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