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Arkansas ironweed, great ironweed

prairie ironweed, smooth ironweed, western ironweed

Habit Plants 8–12(–20) dm. Plants 3–12+ dm.
Stems

scabrellous to pilosulous, glabrescent.

puberulent, glabrescent.

Leaves

mostly cauline;

blades lance-linear, 6–14(–20) cm × 7–15(–25) mm, l/w = 7–10(–18), abaxially scabrellous (hairs awl-shaped), resin-gland-dotted, adaxially scaberulous, glabrescent, resin-gland-dotted.

mostly cauline;

blades ± lanceolate, 5–12(–20+) cm × 5–18(–40+) mm, l/w = 5–9(–14+), abaxially glabrate (pitted, with awl-shaped hairs in pits), adaxially scabrellous, resin-gland-dotted (sometimes pitted).

Peduncles

2–5 cm.

1–8(–12+) mm.

Involucres

± hemispheric, 11–15 × 11–15 mm.

± campanulate, 5–7(–8+) × 4–6 mm.

Florets

50–100+.

12–25+.

Phyllaries

(50–)60–70+ in 5–6 series, scabrellous (and resin-gland-dotted), margins ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 3–8+ mm, inner lanceolate, 12–15 mm, tips subulate to filiform.

25–35+ in 4–5+ series, glabrescent, margins arachno-ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 1–3 mm, inner oblong to linear-oblong, 5–7+ mm, tips acute or rounded-apiculate.

Heads

in ± corymbiform arrays.

in congested, corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

3–5 mm;

pappi fuscous to purplish, outer scales 25–30+, 0.5–1 mm, contrasting with 25–30+, 5–7 mm inner bristles.

3.5–4 mm;

pappi fuscous to purplish, outer subulate scales or bristles 20–30, 0.5–3+ mm, intergrading with 35–45+, 5–7+ mm inner subulate scales or bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia arkansana

Vernonia fasciculata

Phenology Flowering Aug–Oct. Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Leas, roadsides, stream banks, in sand or on limestone Bottomlands, ditches, low prairies
Elevation 200–300 m (700–1000 ft) 100–1200 m (300–3900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; KS; MO; OK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MN; MO; ND; NE; OH; OK; SD; WI; MB
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Discussion

Vernonia arkansana was published in April, V. crinita in October 1838.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 208. FNA vol. 19, p. 211.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
Synonyms V. crinita V. fasciculata subsp. corymbosa, V. fasciculata var. corymbosa
Name authority de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 7: 264. (1838) Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 94. (1803)
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