Flora of North America species comparison

usually erect, usually branched (internodes sometimes winged).

all or mostly alternate (proximal usually opposite);

blades deltate-ovate or rhombic to lanceolate, 3–8(–12+) × 2–4(–6+) cm, bases broadly cuneate to ± truncate, margins coarsely toothed to subentire, apices acute to attenuate, faces strigoso-scabrellous to sericeous.

basal and/or cauline; opposite (sometimes whorled) or alternate; petiolate or sessile;

blades (pinnately nerved or 3- or 5-nerved from at or near bases) mostly rhombic, deltate, ovate, or elliptic to lanceolate or lance-linear (sometimes intermediate shapes), sometimes pinnately or palmately lobed, bases cuneate to rounded or cordate, ultimate margins subentire or toothed, faces glabrous or hairy.

± hemispheric to saucerlike, 10–20+ mm diam.

hemispheric, turbinate, or campanulate to saucerlike, 5–20+[–30+] mm diam.

flat to convex or ± conic, paleate (paleae usually navicular, ± conduplicate, herbaceous to scarious, linear to filiform in V. encelioides and V. nana).

(8–)12–15+;

laminae 8–10(–20+) mm.

0 or (1–)5–30, either pistillate and fertile, or styliferous and sterile, or neuter;

corollas yellow to orange or ochroleucous [reddish].

80–150+;

corollas yellow.

8–150[–300+], bisexual, fertile;

corollas usually concolorous with rays, tubes much shorter than or ± equaling funnelform or campanulate throats, lobes 5, ± deltate to lance-deltate.

12–18+ in 1–2 series, ± erect to spreading, lance-ovate or lance-linear to linear, 6–8+ mm.

persistent, 9–30[–50+] in 1–4[–5+] series (orbiculate, ovate, or oblong to spatulate, lanceolate, or linear, subequal or unequal, outer shorter or longer than inner, herbaceous to chartaceous).

usually borne singly, sometimes 2–3+ in loose, cymiform or corymbiform arrays.

radiate or discoid, borne singly or in corymbiform, dichasiiform, or paniculiform arrays.

dark brown to blackish, narrowly obovate, 3.5–5+ mm, faces ± strigillose;

pappi 0.5–1(–2) mm (0 on ray cypselae).

± flattened, orbiculate, obovate, or oblanceolate to ± elliptic (usually winged);

pappi persistent [falling], usually of 2, ± subulate scales or awns, sometimes 0.

= 17, 18?

= 34.