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common mullein, cowboy toilet paper, flannel mullein, flannel plant, grande molène, great mullein, woolly mullein

black mullein, dark mullein

Habit Perennials.
Stems

50–120 cm, sparsely tomentose to glabrate, glabrescent, eglandular.

Leaves

surfaces sparsely tomentose to glabrate, abaxial soon glabrescent, sometimes both glabrate, eglandular;

basal and proximal cauline with petiole 5–15(–20) mm;

blade lanceolate to ovate or oblong, 12–30 × 5–12(–15) cm, base shallowly cordate to nearly truncate;

cauline not clasping or distal ones clasping, gradually smaller distally, base not decurrent, margins crenate, apex of distal cauline and floral bracts acute.

Inflorescences

unbranched, sometimes branched from proximal nodes, narrowly conic panicle, flowers loosely overlapping, in clusters of 5–10;

rachis sparsely tomentose to glabrate, glabrescent, thinly tomentose on abaxial leaf surfaces, not completely obscuring epidermis, sometimes glabrate on both surfaces, eglandular;

bracts linear, 4–7(–15) mm, base not decurrent, apex acute, sparsely tomentose to glabrate, glabrescent, thinly tomentose on abaxial leaf surfaces, not completely obscuring epidermis, sometimes glabrate on both surfaces, eglandular.

Pedicels

free, 5–12(–15) mm;

bracteoles 2.

Flowers

calyx 3–4.5 mm, sparsely tomentose to glabrate, glabrescent, thinly tomentose on abaxial leaf surfaces, not completely obscuring epidermis, sometimes glabrate on both surfaces, eglandular, lobes linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate;

corolla yellow to cream, 18–25 mm diam., pellucid glands relatively numerous;

filaments villous, hairs purple to violet;

stigma capitate.

Capsules

ovoid-ellipsoid to ellipsoid-obovoid, 4–5 mm, tomentose.

Verbascum thapsus

Verbascum nigrum

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Fields, roadsides, disturbed sites.
Elevation 100–300(–700) m. (300–1000(–2300) ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Asia, Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
IL; MA; MN; NH; NJ; PA; WI; AB; ON; SK; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Verbascum nigrum is recognized by its petiolate, basally cordate to truncate basal leaves, bicolored or dark on both surfaces, dark-colored stems, usually unbranched inflorescences, relatively small flowers, and narrow calyx lobes. Plants in the flora area appear to be subsp. nigrum, with a mostly unbranched inflorescence; subsp. abietinum (Borbás) I. K. Ferguson, found in Germany, has freely branched inflorescences.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 347. FNA vol. 17, p. 350.
Parent taxa Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum
Sibling taxa
V. blattaria, V. bombyciferum, V. densiflorum, V. lychnitis, V. nigrum, V. phlomoides, V. phoeniceum, V. pulverulentum, V. sinuatum, V. speciosum, V. virgatum
V. blattaria, V. bombyciferum, V. densiflorum, V. lychnitis, V. phlomoides, V. phoeniceum, V. pulverulentum, V. sinuatum, V. speciosum, V. thapsus, V. virgatum
Subordinate taxa
V. thapsus subsp. thapsus
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 177. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 178. (1753)
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