Verbascum blattaria |
Verbascum pulverulentum |
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molène blattaire, moth mullein |
broad-leaf mullein |
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Habit | Annuals or biennials. | Biennials. |
Stems | 60–150 cm, glabrous or glabrate. |
50–150(–200) cm, densely and loosely white-floccose, glabrescent, eglandular. |
Leaves | surfaces glabrous or glabrate; basal and proximal cauline with petiole 1–2 mm; blade obovate to oblanceolate, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, 4–12(–20) × 1.5–5 cm, base subrounded to broadly cuneate; cauline subclasping, gradually smaller distally, base not decurrent, margins coarsely and regularly crenate-dentate to dentate or pinnately dentate-lobed, apex of distal cauline and floral bracts acute. |
surfaces densely and loosely white-floccose, glabrescent, especially abaxially, sometimes thin-persistent adaxially, eglandular; basal and proximal cauline sessile; blade obovate to oblong-ovate, 12–30(–40) × 5–10(–15) cm, base attenuate; cauline clasping or subclasping, gradually smaller distally, base not decurrent, margins crenate or subentire, apex of distal cauline and floral bracts acuminate. |
Inflorescences | unbranched, rarely branched from proximal nodes, narrowly cylindric, flowers remote, solitary in axils at least distally; rachis stipitate-glandular, without other vestiture; bracts ovate to lanceolate-ovate, 7–10(–15) mm, base decurrent, apex acute to short-acuminate, stipitate-glandular. |
freely branched, broadly elliptic to ovate panicle, flowers becoming remote in fruit, in clusters of 2–5; rachis densely and loosely white-floccose on both surfaces, easily separating, glabrescent, eglandular; bracts linear, 3–5 mm, base not decurrent, apex acute, densely and loosely white-floccose on both surfaces, easily separating, glabrescent, eglandular. |
Pedicels | free or adnate to rachis at base, 5–11(–15) mm; bracteoles 0. |
free, (1–)2–5(–7) mm; bracteoles 2. |
Flowers | calyx 5–7 mm, stipitate-glandular, lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong; corolla purple in bud, becoming yellow, yellow-orange, yellow with purple center, white, cream with red-tinged tips, or pink, 25–35 mm diam., pellucid glands absent or relatively few; proximal filaments hairy, hairs purple, distal pair villous, hairs white and purple or violet; stigma spatulate, base decurrent. |
calyx 2–3.5 mm, densely and loosely white-floccose on both surfaces, easily separating, glabrescent, eglandular, lobes linear-lanceolate; corolla yellow, 18–20 mm diam., pellucid glands numerous; filaments villous, hairs white; stigma capitate. |
Capsules | subglobular, 5–8 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular apically. |
ellipsoid-globular, 3–5(–8) mm, glabrescent. |
2n | = 18, 30, 32. |
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Verbascum blattaria |
Verbascum pulverulentum |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul(–Oct). | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Stream banks, lake edges, ditches, dry hills, railroad rights-of-way, orchards, prairies, open oak woods, rocky meadows, roadsides, fields, disturbed sites. | Fields, roadsides, disturbed sites. |
Elevation | 0–1300 m. (0–4300 ft.) | 20–30 m. (100–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; ON; QC; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand), Australia]
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WA; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Pacific Islands (New Zealand)] |
Discussion | Verbascum ×pterocaulon Franchet is a hybrid between V. blattaria and V. thapsus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Verbascum pulverulentum is recognized by its densely white-floccose vestiture (separating easily in clumps from the stems and leaf surfaces), non-decurrent cauline leaves, freely branched inflorescences with remote fruiting clusters, and relatively small flowers. Verbascum pulverulentum was discovered in the flora area in 1999 as a weed in the Washington Park Arboretum, Seattle (A. L. Jacobsen et al. 2001). These plants were clearly seen as growing outside of cultivation at the time, and plants were collected again in 2005, suggesting that V. pulverulentum persists at the arboretum site. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 346. | FNA vol. 17, p. 350. |
Parent taxa | Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum | Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. floccosum | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 178. (1753) | Villars: Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné, 22. (1779) |
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