Verbascum blattaria |
Verbascum phlomoides |
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molène blattaire, moth mullein |
clasping mullein, molène faux-phlomis, orange mullein, woolly mullein |
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Habit | Annuals or biennials. | Biennials. |
Stems | 60–150 cm, glabrous or glabrate. |
(30–)50–200 cm, densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular. |
Leaves | surfaces glabrous or glabrate; basal and proximal cauline with petiole 1–2 mm; blade obovate to oblanceolate, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, 4–12(–20) × 1.5–5 cm, base subrounded to broadly cuneate; cauline subclasping, gradually smaller distally, base not decurrent, margins coarsely and regularly crenate-dentate to dentate or pinnately dentate-lobed, apex of distal cauline and floral bracts acute. |
surfaces densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular; basal and proximal cauline with petiole 40–80 mm; blade ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or oblong, (10–)15–25(–35) × 4–10(–15) cm, base attenuate; cauline subauriculate-clasping, gradually smaller distally, base not decurrent, rarely slightly so, margins entire or shallowly crenate, apex of distal cauline and floral bracts caudate-acuminate to short-acuminate. |
Inflorescences | unbranched, rarely branched from proximal nodes, narrowly cylindric, flowers remote, solitary in axils at least distally; rachis stipitate-glandular, without other vestiture; bracts ovate to lanceolate-ovate, 7–10(–15) mm, base decurrent, apex acute to short-acuminate, stipitate-glandular. |
unbranched, narrowly cylindric, flowers densely overlapping or remote proximally, in clusters of 2–9; rachis densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 9–15 mm, base short-decurrent or not at all, apex acute to short-acuminate, densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular. |
Pedicels | free or adnate to rachis at base, 5–11(–15) mm; bracteoles 0. |
adnate to rachis at base, 2–8(–15) mm; bracteoles 2. |
Flowers | calyx 5–7 mm, stipitate-glandular, lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong; corolla purple in bud, becoming yellow, yellow-orange, yellow with purple center, white, cream with red-tinged tips, or pink, 25–35 mm diam., pellucid glands absent or relatively few; proximal filaments hairy, hairs purple, distal pair villous, hairs white and purple or violet; stigma spatulate, base decurrent. |
calyx 5–12 mm, densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular, lobes lanceolate to triangular; corolla yellow, 30–55 mm diam., pellucid glands absent or relatively few; proximal filaments glabrous at least distally, distal pair villous, hairs white or yellow; stigma spatulate, base decurrent. |
Capsules | subglobular, 5–8 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular apically. |
elliptic-ovoid, 5–8 mm, tomentose. |
2n | = 18, 30, 32. |
= 32. |
Verbascum blattaria |
Verbascum phlomoides |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul(–Oct). | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Stream banks, lake edges, ditches, dry hills, railroad rights-of-way, orchards, prairies, open oak woods, rocky meadows, roadsides, fields, disturbed sites. | Fields, roadsides, disturbed sites. |
Elevation | 0–1300 m. (0–4300 ft.) | 0–600 m. (0–2000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; ON; QC; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand), Australia]
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AR; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Ecuador), Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
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Discussion | Verbascum ×pterocaulon Franchet is a hybrid between V. blattaria and V. thapsus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the flora area, Verbascum phlomoides is known from a single location each in Manitoba (near Roseisle) and Saskatchewan (near Moose Jaw). The record for Washington possibly is only a waif (King County, Seattle, in waste ground, introduced from Europe, 12 September 1936, W. J. Eyerdam s.n., SMU), because it apparently has not been recorded there since. Verbascum ×kerneri Fritsch is a hybrid between V. phlomoides and V. thapsus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 346. | FNA vol. 17, p. 348. |
Parent taxa | Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum | Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 178. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1194. (1753) |
Web links |
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