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molène blattaire, moth mullein

clasping mullein, molène faux-phlomis, orange mullein, woolly mullein

Habit Annuals or biennials. Biennials.
Stems

60–150 cm, glabrous or glabrate.

(30–)50–200 cm, densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular.

Leaves

surfaces glabrous or glabrate;

basal and proximal cauline with petiole 1–2 mm;

blade obovate to oblanceolate, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, 4–12(–20) × 1.5–5 cm, base subrounded to broadly cuneate;

cauline subclasping, gradually smaller distally, base not decurrent, margins coarsely and regularly crenate-dentate to dentate or pinnately dentate-lobed, apex of distal cauline and floral bracts acute.

surfaces densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular;

basal and proximal cauline with petiole 40–80 mm;

blade ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or oblong, (10–)15–25(–35) × 4–10(–15) cm, base attenuate;

cauline subauriculate-clasping, gradually smaller distally, base not decurrent, rarely slightly so, margins entire or shallowly crenate, apex of distal cauline and floral bracts caudate-acuminate to short-acuminate.

Inflorescences

unbranched, rarely branched from proximal nodes, narrowly cylindric, flowers remote, solitary in axils at least distally;

rachis stipitate-glandular, without other vestiture;

bracts ovate to lanceolate-ovate, 7–10(–15) mm, base decurrent, apex acute to short-acuminate, stipitate-glandular.

unbranched, narrowly cylindric, flowers densely overlapping or remote proximally, in clusters of 2–9;

rachis densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular;

bracts ovate-lanceolate, 9–15 mm, base short-decurrent or not at all, apex acute to short-acuminate, densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular.

Pedicels

free or adnate to rachis at base, 5–11(–15) mm;

bracteoles 0.

adnate to rachis at base, 2–8(–15) mm;

bracteoles 2.

Flowers

calyx 5–7 mm, stipitate-glandular, lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong;

corolla purple in bud, becoming yellow, yellow-orange, yellow with purple center, white, cream with red-tinged tips, or pink, 25–35 mm diam., pellucid glands absent or relatively few;

proximal filaments hairy, hairs purple, distal pair villous, hairs white and purple or violet;

stigma spatulate, base decurrent.

calyx 5–12 mm, densely and persistently tomentose, eglandular, lobes lanceolate to triangular;

corolla yellow, 30–55 mm diam., pellucid glands absent or relatively few;

proximal filaments glabrous at least distally, distal pair villous, hairs white or yellow;

stigma spatulate, base decurrent.

Capsules

subglobular, 5–8 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular apically.

elliptic-ovoid, 5–8 mm, tomentose.

2n

= 18, 30, 32.

= 32.

Verbascum blattaria

Verbascum phlomoides

Phenology Flowering May–Jul(–Oct). Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Stream banks, lake edges, ditches, dry hills, railroad rights-of-way, orchards, prairies, open oak woods, rocky meadows, roadsides, fields, disturbed sites. Fields, roadsides, disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–1300 m. (0–4300 ft.) 0–600 m. (0–2000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; ON; QC; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Ecuador), Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Verbascum ×pterocaulon Franchet is a hybrid between V. blattaria and V. thapsus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In the flora area, Verbascum phlomoides is known from a single location each in Manitoba (near Roseisle) and Saskatchewan (near Moose Jaw). The record for Washington possibly is only a waif (King County, Seattle, in waste ground, introduced from Europe, 12 September 1936, W. J. Eyerdam s.n., SMU), because it apparently has not been recorded there since.

Verbascum ×kerneri Fritsch is a hybrid between V. phlomoides and V. thapsus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 346. FNA vol. 17, p. 348.
Parent taxa Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum Scrophulariaceae > Verbascum
Sibling taxa
V. bombyciferum, V. densiflorum, V. lychnitis, V. nigrum, V. phlomoides, V. phoeniceum, V. pulverulentum, V. sinuatum, V. speciosum, V. thapsus, V. virgatum
V. blattaria, V. bombyciferum, V. densiflorum, V. lychnitis, V. nigrum, V. phoeniceum, V. pulverulentum, V. sinuatum, V. speciosum, V. thapsus, V. virgatum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 178. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1194. (1753)
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