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deerberry, southern gooseberry

American cranberry, canneberge à gros fruits, cranberry, cultivated cranberry, large cranberry

Habit Plants frequently crown-forming, suckering when disturbed, forming small or extensive colonies; twigs of current season variously colored, most often green or glaucous, glabrous to densely hairy, sometimes pilose or glandular (not verrucose). Plants often ascending, shoots 0.4–1.5 dm.
Leaf

blades usually pale green or glaucous abaxially, green adaxially, elliptic, 20–80 × 9–32 mm, ± membranous, margins usually entire, inrolled on more-coriaceous blades, surfaces glabrous or densely hairy, rarely glandular.

blades glaucous abaxially, green adaxially, usually narrowly elliptic to elliptic, rarely oblong, 5–18 × 2–55 mm, margins entire, slightly revolute.

Inflorescences

2–7-flowered, sometimes flowers solitary.

in axils of leaflike bracts at base of current year’s shoots.

Pedicels

subtended by leaflike bract (ca. as long as flower).

nodding, slender, 2–3 cm, bracteolate;

bracteoles 2, greenish white, scalelike, 1–2 mm wide.

Flowers

corolla lobes spreading at anthesis, white to greenish white, sometimes purple veined, 4–8 mm;

filaments glabrous or hairy.

calyx lobes relatively small;

corolla strongly reflexed at anthesis, white to pink;

filaments hairy;

anther tubules 1–2 mm.

Berries

green, yellow-green, yellow, purple, or black, often lightly glaucous, 7–18 mm diam., sometimes hairy and sparsely glandular.

red to pink, 9–14 mm diam., smooth.

2n

= 24.

= 24.

Vaccinium stamineum

Vaccinium macrocarpon

Phenology Flowering spring(-early summer). Flowering late spring–early summer.
Habitat Sandy, well-drained soil, xeric communities such as dry oak woods, pine barrens, savannas, dry pine ridges, sparsely wooded bluffs, sand hills, thickets, clearings (usually on acidic substrates, sometimes on limestone) Bogs, swamps, mires, wet shores and headlands
Elevation 0-1700 m (0-5600 ft) 0-1400 m (0-4600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; Mexico (Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosí)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CT; DC; DE; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM [Introduced in Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Vaccinium stamineum has been subject to an inordinate amount of splitting, especially by E. L. Greene and W. W. Ashe (see S. P. Vander Kloet 1988).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Vaccinium macrocarpon is introduced and escaping elsewhere (British Columbia, Oregon, Washington) with respect to its normal range in eastern North America.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 521. FNA vol. 8, p. 519.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Polycodium Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Oxycoccus
Sibling taxa
V. angustifolium, V. arboreum, V. boreale, V. cespitosum, V. corymbosum, V. crassifolium, V. darrowii, V. deliciosum, V. erythrocarpum, V. hirsutum, V. macrocarpon, V. membranaceum, V. myrsinites, V. myrtilloides, V. myrtillus, V. ovalifolium, V. ovatum, V. oxycoccos, V. pallidum, V. parvifolium, V. scoparium, V. tenellum, V. uliginosum, V. vitis-idaea
V. angustifolium, V. arboreum, V. boreale, V. cespitosum, V. corymbosum, V. crassifolium, V. darrowii, V. deliciosum, V. erythrocarpum, V. hirsutum, V. membranaceum, V. myrsinites, V. myrtilloides, V. myrtillus, V. ovalifolium, V. ovatum, V. oxycoccos, V. pallidum, V. parvifolium, V. scoparium, V. stamineum, V. tenellum, V. uliginosum, V. vitis-idaea
Synonyms Polycodium ashei, Polycodium candicans, Polycodium depressum, Polycodium floridanum, Polycodium leptosepalum, Polycodium macilentum, Polycodium melanocarpum, Polycodium neglectum, Polycodium stamineum, V. caesium, V. melanocarpum, V. neglectum, V. stamineum var. affine, V. stamineum var. austromontanum, V. stamineum var. interius, V. stamineum var. melanocarpum, V. stamineum var. neglectum, V. stamineum var. virginianum Oxycoccus macrocarpus
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 350. 1753 , Aiton: Hort. Kew. 2: 13, plate 7. (1789)
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