Vaccinium ovalifolium |
Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus |
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airelle à feuilles ovées, Alaska blueberry, early blueberry, oval-leaf blueberry, oval-leaf huckleberry |
bilberry, dwarf bilberry, dwarf blueberry, low bilberry, low blueberry, myrtle blueberry, whortleberry |
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Habit | Plants crown-forming, clumped, suckering when disturbed, rarely forming extensive colonies, 3–40 dm, not rhizomatous; twigs yellow-green or golden brown, glaucous, usually terete, sometimes somewhat angled, glabrous, sometimes hairy in lines. | Shrubs, erect, to 4 dm, rhizomatous or not, (twigs sharply angled to terete, buds covered by 2 partially fused prophylls). |
Leaves | blades pale green or glaucous abaxially, slightly darker pale green adaxially, ovate to elliptic, rarely obovate, 25–39 × 16–20 mm, margins entire to obscurely serrate, abaxial surface glabrous, eglandular (sometimes hairy or glandular along midvein), adaxial surface usually glabrous (sometimes hairy and/or glandular). |
deciduous, rarely subpersistent, (usually distichous). |
Inflorescences | solitary flowers in axils of proximalmost leaves of leafy shoots of current year. |
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Pedicels | continuous with calyx tube. |
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Flowers | calyx pale green or glaucous, lobes vestigial or absent, glabrous; corolla pink, bronze-pink, or greenish white, globose, sometimes urceolate, 5–7 × 4–5 mm, thin, glaucous; filaments glabrous or pilose basally. |
sepals 5, (ca. 2 mm); petals 5, connate for nearly their entire lengths, corolla (closed in bud), globose to urceolate; stamens 10, included; anthers with conspicuous awns, tubules ca. 1-2 mm, with terminal pores. |
Berries | blue, dull purplish black, or black, sometimes glaucous, 8–10 mm diam. |
5-locular (each locule containing 10-50 ovules). |
Seeds | ca. 1 mm. |
(3-)10-35. |
2n | = 24, 48. |
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Vaccinium ovalifolium |
Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring-mid summer(-late summer). | |
Habitat | Moist or mesic coniferous woods, transitional habitats adjacent to these coniferous stands, cut-over coniferous woods, verges of road cuts, margins of coniferous woods, peaty slopes | |
Elevation | 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; ID; MI; OR; SD; WA; AB; BC; NF; NS; ON; QC; YT; e Asia (c Japan, Kamchatka)
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North America; Mexico; Central America (Guatemala); Europe; Asia |
Discussion | Species 7 (7 in the flora). Section Myrtillus is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere and has its greatest diversity along the Pacific Rim from Japan to Guatemala (S. P. Vander Kloet and T. A. Dickinson 1999). All of the seven species of this section occur in the flora area; Vaccinium ovalifolium also occurs in eastern Asia, V. caespitosum extends southward to Guatemala, and V. myrtillus is circumboreal. Species of the section are commonly called huckleberries, blueberries, bilberries, or whortleberries. All produce edible fruit, and most were food sources for Native American peoples in western North America. Although none has been domesticated, some species show potential for commercial cultivation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 524. | FNA vol. 8, p. 522. |
Parent taxa | Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Myrtillus | Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. alaskaense | |
Name authority | Smith: in A. Rees, Cycl. 36: Vaccinium no. 2. (1817) | Dumortier: Fl. Belg. 53. (1827) |
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