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airelle à feuilles ovées, Alaska blueberry, early blueberry, oval-leaf blueberry, oval-leaf huckleberry

bilberry, dwarf bilberry, dwarf blueberry, low bilberry, low blueberry, myrtle blueberry, whortleberry

Habit Plants crown-forming, clumped, suckering when disturbed, rarely forming extensive colonies, 3–40 dm, not rhizomatous; twigs yellow-green or golden brown, glaucous, usually terete, sometimes somewhat angled, glabrous, sometimes hairy in lines. Shrubs, erect, to 4 dm, rhizomatous or not, (twigs sharply angled to terete, buds covered by 2 partially fused prophylls).
Leaves

blades pale green or glaucous abaxially, slightly darker pale green adaxially, ovate to elliptic, rarely obovate, 25–39 × 16–20 mm, margins entire to obscurely serrate, abaxial surface glabrous, eglandular (sometimes hairy or glandular along midvein), adaxial surface usually glabrous (sometimes hairy and/or glandular).

deciduous, rarely subpersistent, (usually distichous).

Inflorescences

solitary flowers in axils of proximalmost leaves of leafy shoots of current year.

Pedicels

continuous with calyx tube.

Flowers

calyx pale green or glaucous, lobes vestigial or absent, glabrous;

corolla pink, bronze-pink, or greenish white, globose, sometimes urceolate, 5–7 × 4–5 mm, thin, glaucous;

filaments glabrous or pilose basally.

sepals 5, (ca. 2 mm);

petals 5, connate for nearly their entire lengths, corolla (closed in bud), globose to urceolate;

stamens 10, included;

anthers with conspicuous awns, tubules ca. 1-2 mm, with terminal pores.

Berries

blue, dull purplish black, or black, sometimes glaucous, 8–10 mm diam.

5-locular (each locule containing 10-50 ovules).

Seeds

ca. 1 mm.

(3-)10-35.

2n

= 24, 48.

Vaccinium ovalifolium

Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus

Phenology Flowering spring-mid summer(-late summer).
Habitat Moist or mesic coniferous woods, transitional habitats adjacent to these coniferous stands, cut-over coniferous woods, verges of road cuts, margins of coniferous woods, peaty slopes
Elevation 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; ID; MI; OR; SD; WA; AB; BC; NF; NS; ON; QC; YT; e Asia (c Japan, Kamchatka)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
North America; Mexico; Central America (Guatemala); Europe; Asia
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 7 (7 in the flora).

Section Myrtillus is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere and has its greatest diversity along the Pacific Rim from Japan to Guatemala (S. P. Vander Kloet and T. A. Dickinson 1999). All of the seven species of this section occur in the flora area; Vaccinium ovalifolium also occurs in eastern Asia, V. caespitosum extends southward to Guatemala, and V. myrtillus is circumboreal. Species of the section are commonly called huckleberries, blueberries, bilberries, or whortleberries. All produce edible fruit, and most were food sources for Native American peoples in western North America. Although none has been domesticated, some species show potential for commercial cultivation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 524. FNA vol. 8, p. 522.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Myrtillus Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium
Sibling taxa
V. angustifolium, V. arboreum, V. boreale, V. cespitosum, V. corymbosum, V. crassifolium, V. darrowii, V. deliciosum, V. erythrocarpum, V. hirsutum, V. macrocarpon, V. membranaceum, V. myrsinites, V. myrtilloides, V. myrtillus, V. ovatum, V. oxycoccos, V. pallidum, V. parvifolium, V. scoparium, V. stamineum, V. tenellum, V. uliginosum, V. vitis-idaea
Subordinate taxa
Synonyms V. alaskaense
Name authority Smith: in A. Rees, Cycl. 36: Vaccinium no. 2. (1817) Dumortier: Fl. Belg. 53. (1827)
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