Vaccinium myrtillus |
Vaccinium hirsutum |
|
---|---|---|
bilberry, dwarf bilberry, dwarf blueberry, low bilberry, low blueberry, myrtle blueberry, whortleberry |
hairy blueberry, small cluster blueberry, woolly berry, wooly berry |
|
Habit | Plants forming open colonies, 0.5–12 dm, rhizomatous; twigs green, conspicuously 3-angled, glabrous or minutely puberulent along grooves. | Plants forming open colonies, 2–5(–7.5) dm; twigs green, slightly angled, pilose or hairy. |
Leaves | blades bright green, broadly elliptic or ovate, 19–27 × 7–11 mm, margins sharply serrate, surfaces laxly glandular abaxially. |
deciduous; blade green, elliptic, 23–62 × 10–36 mm, subcoriaceous, margins entire, surfaces densely hairy, eglandular abaxially. |
Flowers | calyx green, lobes ± recurved (or absent and margins of tube sinuate), deltate, 0.4–0.6 mm, glabrous; corolla pink, cream, or greenish white, globose, 3–5 × 5–7 mm, thin, glaucous; filaments glabrous. |
calyx green, glandular-hairy; corolla white, cylindric, 5–9 mm, (glandular-hairy); filaments hairy. |
Berries | purple-black or bluish black, rarely reddish or red, 7–9 mm diam. |
black, 7–9 mm diam., hairy. |
Seeds | ca. 1 mm. |
3–9, ca. 1 mm. |
2n | = 24, 48. |
= 48. |
Vaccinium myrtillus |
Vaccinium hirsutum |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Heaths, montane heaths, boggy barrens, degraded meadows, open coniferous forests, oak parklands, disturbed or open birch woods, hummocky seepage slopes, moraines | Dry oak-pine ridges and mountain meadows |
Elevation | 0-2600 m (0-8500 ft) | 600-1500 m (2000-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; AB; BC; Greenland; Europe; e Asia (Japan)
|
GA; NC; TN
|
Discussion | Vaccinium myrtillus fruits are popular in Europe and are known to possess antioxidants and other compounds beneficial to vascular health. Berries in Europe are extensively harvested from wild stands. In North America, the fruits were used by the Kootenai, Carrier, Shuswap, and other native tribes. The small plant and fruit sizes create challenges for commercialization in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vaccinium hirsutum is uncommon (but not threatened) in Tennessee, rare in North Carolina, and probably extirpated in Georgia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 523. | FNA vol. 8, p. 529. |
Parent taxa | Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Myrtillus | Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Cyanococcus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. myrtillus subsp. oreophilum, V. myrtillus var. oreophilum, V. oreophilum | Cyanococcus hirsutus |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 349. (1753) | Buckley: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 45: 175. 1843 , |
Web links |