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American cranberry, canneberge à gros fruits, cranberry, cultivated cranberry, large cranberry

Habit Plants often ascending, shoots 0.4–1.5 dm.
Stems

erect, arching, spreading, creeping, or procumbent.

Leaves

blades glaucous abaxially, green adaxially, usually narrowly elliptic to elliptic, rarely oblong, 5–18 × 2–55 mm, margins entire, slightly revolute.

deciduous or persistent, alternate, sometimes pseudoverticillate (Pieris);

petiole usually present, sometimes absent (some species of Vaccinium);

blade plane, abaxial groove absent.

Inflorescences

in axils of leaflike bracts at base of current year’s shoots.

usually axillary, sometimes terminal, usually panicles or racemes, sometimes corymbs or fascicles, sometimes solitary flowers, (borne on leafy twigs, except Zenobia on leafless twigs);

perulae absent;

bracts much shorter than sepals (sometimes absent).

Pedicels

nodding, slender, 2–3 cm, bracteolate;

bracteoles 2, greenish white, scalelike, 1–2 mm wide.

Flowers

calyx lobes relatively small;

corolla strongly reflexed at anthesis, white to pink;

filaments hairy;

anther tubules 1–2 mm.

pendulous;

perianth and androecium hypogynous or epigynous (Gaylussacia, Vaccinium);

sepals (4-)5[-8];

petals 4-5(-6), connate (rarely distinct or nearly so in some species of Vaccinium), corolla deciduous, campanulate, cylindric, or urceolate, lobes usually much shorter (sometimes longer) than tube;

intrastaminal nectary disc absent or present;

stamens 8-10[-16];

anthers dehiscent by terminal pores or short slits;

ovary 5- or 10-locular;

placentation axile;

style straight.

Fruits

capsular, dehiscence loculicidal, or baccate or drupaceous, indehiscent.

Berries

red to pink, 9–14 mm diam., smooth.

Seeds

2-300, distinct, ovoid or obovoid to ellipsoid, lanceoloid, or conic, to angular or wedge- or crescent-shaped, usually not winged, sometimes slightly winged or tailed.

2n

= 24.

Vaccinium macrocarpon

Ericaceae subfam. vaccinioideae

Phenology Flowering late spring–early summer.
Habitat Bogs, swamps, mires, wet shores and headlands
Elevation 0-1400 m (0-4600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; DC; DE; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM [Introduced in Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Nearly worldwide; especially arctic; temperate; and alpine areas; also very diverse in neotropical cloud forests
Discussion

Vaccinium macrocarpon is introduced and escaping elsewhere (British Columbia, Oregon, Washington) with respect to its normal range in eastern North America.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 46, species ca. 1600 (12 genera, 58 species in the flora)

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 519. FNA vol. 8, p. 496. Author: Gordon C. Tucker.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Oxycoccus Ericaceae
Sibling taxa
V. angustifolium, V. arboreum, V. boreale, V. cespitosum, V. corymbosum, V. crassifolium, V. darrowii, V. deliciosum, V. erythrocarpum, V. hirsutum, V. membranaceum, V. myrsinites, V. myrtilloides, V. myrtillus, V. ovalifolium, V. ovatum, V. oxycoccos, V. pallidum, V. parvifolium, V. scoparium, V. stamineum, V. tenellum, V. uliginosum, V. vitis-idaea
Subordinate taxa
Synonyms Oxycoccus macrocarpus
Name authority Aiton: Hort. Kew. 2: 13, plate 7. (1789) Arnott: M. Napier, Encycl. Brit. ed. 7 5: 118. (1832) — (as Vaccinieae)
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