Vaccinium macrocarpon |
Ericaceae subfam. vaccinioideae |
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American cranberry, canneberge à gros fruits, cranberry, cultivated cranberry, large cranberry |
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Habit | Plants often ascending, shoots 0.4–1.5 dm. | |
Stems | erect, arching, spreading, creeping, or procumbent. |
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Leaves | blades glaucous abaxially, green adaxially, usually narrowly elliptic to elliptic, rarely oblong, 5–18 × 2–55 mm, margins entire, slightly revolute. |
deciduous or persistent, alternate, sometimes pseudoverticillate (Pieris); petiole usually present, sometimes absent (some species of Vaccinium); blade plane, abaxial groove absent. |
Inflorescences | in axils of leaflike bracts at base of current year’s shoots. |
usually axillary, sometimes terminal, usually panicles or racemes, sometimes corymbs or fascicles, sometimes solitary flowers, (borne on leafy twigs, except Zenobia on leafless twigs); perulae absent; bracts much shorter than sepals (sometimes absent). |
Pedicels | nodding, slender, 2–3 cm, bracteolate; bracteoles 2, greenish white, scalelike, 1–2 mm wide. |
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Flowers | calyx lobes relatively small; corolla strongly reflexed at anthesis, white to pink; filaments hairy; anther tubules 1–2 mm. |
pendulous; perianth and androecium hypogynous or epigynous (Gaylussacia, Vaccinium); sepals (4-)5[-8]; petals 4-5(-6), connate (rarely distinct or nearly so in some species of Vaccinium), corolla deciduous, campanulate, cylindric, or urceolate, lobes usually much shorter (sometimes longer) than tube; intrastaminal nectary disc absent or present; stamens 8-10[-16]; anthers dehiscent by terminal pores or short slits; ovary 5- or 10-locular; placentation axile; style straight. |
Fruits | capsular, dehiscence loculicidal, or baccate or drupaceous, indehiscent. |
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Berries | red to pink, 9–14 mm diam., smooth. |
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Seeds | 2-300, distinct, ovoid or obovoid to ellipsoid, lanceoloid, or conic, to angular or wedge- or crescent-shaped, usually not winged, sometimes slightly winged or tailed. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Vaccinium macrocarpon |
Ericaceae subfam. vaccinioideae |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–early summer. | |
Habitat | Bogs, swamps, mires, wet shores and headlands | |
Elevation | 0-1400 m (0-4600 ft) | |
Distribution |
CT; DC; DE; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM [Introduced in Europe]
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Nearly worldwide; especially arctic; temperate; and alpine areas; also very diverse in neotropical cloud forests |
Discussion | Vaccinium macrocarpon is introduced and escaping elsewhere (British Columbia, Oregon, Washington) with respect to its normal range in eastern North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 46, species ca. 1600 (12 genera, 58 species in the flora) (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 519. | FNA vol. 8, p. 496. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Oxycoccus macrocarpus | |
Name authority | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 2: 13, plate 7. (1789) | Arnott: M. Napier, Encycl. Brit. ed. 7 5: 118. (1832) — (as Vaccinieae) |
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