Vaccinium cespitosum |
Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus |
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airelle gazonnante, dwarf bilberry, dwarf blueberry, dwarf huckleberry |
bilberry, dwarf bilberry, dwarf blueberry, low bilberry, low blueberry, myrtle blueberry, whortleberry |
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Habit | Plants forming dense colonies, 0.3–6 dm, superficially rhizomatous; twigs yellow-green, reddish green, or reddish brown, terete to somewhat angled, finely puberulent or, rarely, glabrous. | Shrubs, erect, to 4 dm, rhizomatous or not, (twigs sharply angled to terete, buds covered by 2 partially fused prophylls). |
Leaves | blades green, usually oblanceolate, sometimes obovate or narrowly elliptic, 10–30 × 3–12 mm, margins usually serrulate from apex to at least mid blade, surfaces usually glandular abaxially, usually glabrous adaxially. |
deciduous, rarely subpersistent, (usually distichous). |
Inflorescences | solitary flowers in axils of proximalmost leaves of leafy shoots of current year. |
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Pedicels | continuous with calyx tube. |
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Flowers | calyx pale green, lobes vestigial, glabrous; corolla white, white with pink striping, or pink, cylindric-urceolate to globose, 4–7 × 3–5 mm, thin, glaucous; filaments glabrous. |
sepals 5, (ca. 2 mm); petals 5, connate for nearly their entire lengths, corolla (closed in bud), globose to urceolate; stamens 10, included; anthers with conspicuous awns, tubules ca. 1-2 mm, with terminal pores. |
Berries | usually blue, glaucous, rarely dull black, 5–9 mm diam. |
5-locular (each locule containing 10-50 ovules). |
Seeds | ca. 1 mm. |
(3-)10-35. |
2n | = 24. |
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Vaccinium cespitosum |
Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring-mid summer. | |
Habitat | Open, usually dry habitats, from lowland to subalpine areas | |
Elevation | 0-4500 m (0-14800 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NM; NY; OR; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Hidalgo); Central America (Guatemala)
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North America; Mexico; Central America (Guatemala); Europe; Asia |
Discussion | Species 7 (7 in the flora). Section Myrtillus is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere and has its greatest diversity along the Pacific Rim from Japan to Guatemala (S. P. Vander Kloet and T. A. Dickinson 1999). All of the seven species of this section occur in the flora area; Vaccinium ovalifolium also occurs in eastern Asia, V. caespitosum extends southward to Guatemala, and V. myrtillus is circumboreal. Species of the section are commonly called huckleberries, blueberries, bilberries, or whortleberries. All produce edible fruit, and most were food sources for Native American peoples in western North America. Although none has been domesticated, some species show potential for commercial cultivation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 524. | FNA vol. 8, p. 522. |
Parent taxa | Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium > sect. Myrtillus | Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Vaccinium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. arbuscula, V. caespitosum var. arbuscula, V. caespitosum var. paludicola, V. geminiflorum, V. nivictum, V. paludicola | |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 234. 1803 , | Dumortier: Fl. Belg. 53. (1827) |
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