The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

mountain nettle

annual nettle, annual stinging nettle, burning nettle, dog nettle, dwarf nettle, small nettle

Habit Herbs, annual, with taproot, 3-20 dm. Herbs, annual, with taproot, 1-8 dm.
Stems

simple or branched from base, erect.

simple or branched, erect.

Leaf

blades ovate to broadly ovate, distal blades becoming ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 7-15 × 5-10 cm, base truncate to cordate, margins coarsely dentate, apex acute to caudate;

cystoliths rounded or occasionally elongate.

blades elliptic to broadly elliptic, widest near middle, 1.8-9 × 1.2-4.5 cm, base cuneate, margins coarsely serrate, serrations often with lateral lobes, apex acute;

cystoliths rounded.

Inflorescences

racemose, elongate.

spikelike or paniculate.

Flowers

unisexual, staminate and pistillate in separate inflorescences, or with a few pistillate flowers at apex of staminate inflorescences, subsessile to short-pedunculate.

unisexual, staminate and pistillate in same inflorescence, subsessile to short-pedunculate.

Pistillate flowers

outer tepals lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 0.8-1 mm, inner tepals broadly ovate, 1.4-2.2 × 1.3-1.4 mm.

outer tepals ovate, 0.5-0.7 mm, inner tepals broadly ovate, 0.6-0.9 × 1.2-1.4 mm.

Achenes

ovoid, 1.4-1.6 × 1-1.1 mm.

ovoid, 1.5-1.8 × 1.1-1.3 mm.

2n

= 26.

= 24, 26.

Urtica gracilenta

Urtica urens

Phenology Flowering summer–fall, occasionally all year. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Alluvial or calcareous soils, often in moist, shaded places Waste places, roadsides, pastures, barnyards, cultivated fields, rich woodlands
Elevation 1200-2800 m (3900-9200 ft) 0-700 m (0-2300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AL; AZ; CA; CT; FL; IA; IL; MA; ME; MI; MO; NH; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TX; VT; WA; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Greenland; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Within the flora, Urtica urens is most abundant in California and in eastern Canada. The Shuswap used it medicinally for sweatbaths and for pain from rheumatism (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Urticaceae > Urtica Urticaceae > Urtica
Sibling taxa
U. chamaedryoides, U. dioica, U. urens
U. chamaedryoides, U. dioica, U. gracilenta
Name authority Greene: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 8: 122. (1881) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 984. (1753)
Web links