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heartleaf nettle, slim stingingnettle

common nettle, ortie, stinging nettle

Habit Herbs, annual, with taproot, 1.5-8 dm. Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, 5-30 dm.
Stems

usually branched from base, erect or reclining.

simple or branched, erect or sprawling.

Leaf

blades narrowly ovate to orbiculate, distal blades sometimes lanceolate, 2-8 × 1-6 cm, base nearly cordate to rounded, sometimes cuneate in distal leaves, margins serrate, apex rounded to acute;

cystoliths rounded or ± elongate.

blades elliptic, lanceolate, or narrowly to broadly ovate, 6-20 × 2-13 cm, base rounded to cordate, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes doubly serrate, apex acute or acuminate;

cystoliths rounded.

Inflorescences

± globose cymes.

paniculate, pedunculate, elongate.

Flowers

unisexual, staminate and pistillate intermixed in same inflorescence, sessile to short-pedunculate.

unisexual, staminate and pistillate on same or different plants, staminate ascending, the pistillate lax or recurved.

Pistillate flowers

outer tepals linear, 0.4-0.8 mm, inner tepals ovate, 1.4-2 × 1-1.4 mm.

outer tepals linear to narrowly spatulate or lanceolate, 0.8-1.2 mm, inner tepals ovate to broadly ovate, 1.4-1.8 × 1.1-1.3 mm.

Achenes

ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 1.2-1.4(-1.6) × 0.8-1 mm.

ovoid to broadly ovoid, 1-1.3(-1.4) × 0.7-0.9 mm.

2n

= 26.

Urtica chamaedryoides

Urtica dioica

Phenology Flowering all year except early winter.
Habitat Rich, wooded slopes, bluffs, stream banks, swamps, waste places, and fields, often on limestone or nearly neutral soils
Elevation 0-600 m (0-2000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AL; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Mexico; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Plants unisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers on different plants; leaf blades abaxially hispid, both surfaces with stinging hairs.
subsp. dioica
1. Plants unisexual, staminate and pistillate flowers mostly on same plants; leaf blades abaxially bearing stinging hairs, otherwise glabrous, puberulent, or tomentose and moderately strigose, adaxially without (rarely with a few) stinging hairs.
→ 2
2. Stems glabrous or strigose, with a few stinging hairs; leaf blades abaxially glabrous or puberulent.
subsp. gracilis
2. Stems softly pubescent, also with stinging hairs; leaf blades abaxially tomentose to moderately strigose.
subsp. holosericea
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Urticaceae > Urtica Urticaceae > Urtica
Sibling taxa
U. dioica, U. gracilenta, U. urens
U. chamaedryoides, U. gracilenta, U. urens
Subordinate taxa
U. dioica subsp. dioica, U. dioica subsp. gracilis, U. dioica subsp. holosericea
Synonyms U. chamaedryoides var. runyonii
Name authority Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 113. (1814) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 984. (1753)
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