Urochloa platyphylla |
Urochloa mutica |
|
---|---|---|
broadleaf signalgrass |
para grass |
|
Habit | Plants annual. | Plants perennial; stoloniferous, straggling. |
Culms | 25-100 cm, decumbent, rooting at the lower nodes; nodes glabrous. |
to 5 m long, long-decumbent and rooting at the lower nodes, vertical portion 90-200(300) cm; nodes villous. |
Sheaths | glabrous or sparsely pilose; ligules 0.5-1 mm; blades 2.5-17.5 cm long, 3-13 mm wide, glabrous or sparsely pilose, bases subcordate, not clasping the stems, margins ciliate basally, with papillose-based hairs. |
|
Panicles | 6-16 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, with 2-8 spikelike primary branches in 2 ranks; primary branches 3-8 cm, axils pubescent, axes 1.3-2.5 mm wide, flat, usually glabrous, occasionally pilose dorsally; secondary branches rarely present; pedicels shorter than the spikelets, scabrous and sparsely pilose. |
10-25 cm long, 5-10 cm wide, pyramidal, with 10-30 spikelike branches in more than 2 ranks; primary branches 2.5-8 cm long, 0.4-0.9 mm wide, ascending to divergent, axils pubescent, axes flat, glabrous or with a few papillose-based hairs, secondary branches present or absent; pedicels shorter than the spikelets, scabrous, sometimes with hairs. |
Spikelets | 3.8-5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, ovoid, bi-convex; solitary, appressed to the branches, in 2 rows. |
2.6-3.5 mm long, 1-1.4 mm wide, mostly in pairs, in 2-4 rows, appressed to the branches, purplish to green. |
Glumes | scarcely separated; lower glumes 1.2-1.8 mm, to 1/3 as long as the spikelets, obtuse, glabrous, 5(-7)-veined, not clasping the base of the spikelets; upper glumes 3.2-4.7 mm, glabrous, 7(-9)-veined; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas 3.2-4.7 mm, glabrous, 5-veined; lower paleas present; upper lemmas 2.8-3.4 mm long, 1.8-2.3 mm wide, apices incurved, broadly acute to rounded, mucronulate; anthers about 1 mm. |
scarcely separate, rachilla internodes short not pronounced; lower glumes 0.6-1.1 mm, 1/5 – 1/3 as long as the spikelets, glabrous, 0-1(3)-veined; upper glumes 2.6-3.5 mm, glabrous, 5-(7)-veined, without cross venation; lower florets staminate; lower lemmas 2.6-3.3 mm, glabrous, 5-veined, without cross venation; upper lemmas 2.3-2.8 mm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, apices rounded, mucronate; anthers 1-1.5 mm. |
Caryopses | 1.5-2.2 mm. |
1.8-2 mm. |
Lower | sheaths with papillose-based hairs, these more dense distally, margins ciliate; collars pubescent; ligules 1-1.5 mm; blades 7.5-35 cm long, 4-20 mm wide, glabrous or sparsely pilose on both surfaces, margins scabrous. |
|
2n | = 36. |
= 18, 36. |
Urochloa platyphylla |
Urochloa mutica |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
AL; FL; MD; OR; SC; TX; HI; PR; Virgin Islands |
Discussion | Urochloa platyphylla is a weedy species found in open, sandy soil in the southeastern United States, West Indies, and South America. Morrone and Zuloaga (1993) considered reports of its occurrence in Mexico as doubtful, possibly being based on misidentified specimens of Urochloa plantaginea. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
An African species, Urochloa mutica is grown as a forage crop throughout the tropics, but it tends to become weedy. It grows on moist, disturbed soils and is established in the southeastern United States. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 503. | FNA vol. 25, p. 494. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Urochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Urochloa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Brachiaria platyphylla, Brachiaria extensa | Panicum purpurascens, Brachiaria mutica |
Name authority | (Munro ex C. Wright) R.D. Webster | (Forssk.) T.Q. Nguyen |
Web links |