Ulmus glabra
Ulmus serotina
broad-leaf elm, Scotch elm, wych elm
red elm, september elm
gray, smooth, furrowed with age.
light brown to reddish with shallow fissures.
spreading to pendulous, glabrous, branchlets lacking corky wings;
twigs ash-gray to red-brown, villous when young.
spreading to pendulous, often developing irregular corky wings with maturity;
twigs brown to gray, pubescent to glabrous.
obtuse;
scales reddish brown, glabrous to marginally white-ciliate.
brown, apex acute, glabrous;
scales dark brown, glabrous.
blade elliptic to obovate, (4-)7-14(-16) × (3-)4.5-8(-10) cm, base strongly oblique with lowermost lobe strongly overlapping, covering petiole, margins doubly serrate, apex long-acuminate to cuspidate, sometimes with 3 acuminate lobes at broad apex;
surfaces abaxially pale green, villous with woolly tufts in vein axils, adaxially dark green, strigose to scabrous, margins not ciliate.
blade oblong-obovate, 7-10 × 3-4.5 cm, base oblique, margins doubly serrate, apex acuminate;
surfaces abaxially yellow-gold soft-pubescent, pubescence absent from axils of veins, adaxially yellow-green, glabrous.
dense fascicles, 8-20-flowered, less than 2.5 cm, flowers and fruits not pendulous;
pedicel short, 0.4-0.8 mm, densely pubescent.
racemes, 8-12-flowered, long, to 5 cm;
pedicel 0.5-1 cm.
calyx lobed to ca. 1/2 length, lobes 4-8, reddish pubescent;
stamens 5-6, purplish;
stigmas reddish, with white pubescence.
calyx lobed almost to base, lobes 5-6;
stamens 5-6;
anthers yellow-red;
stigmas white, pubescent.
thickened, not inflated.
thickened, not inflated.
hard.
hard.
light greenish brown, elliptic to obovate with blunt or rounded tip, 1.5-2.5 × 1-1.8 mm, broadly winged, pubescent only along central vein of wing, apical cleft minute, obscured by persistent, curved styles.
light brown, ovoid to elliptic, 1-1.5 cm, narrowly winged, pubescent, margins densely ciliate, tip deeply notched.
= 28.
= 28.
Ulmus glabra
Ulmus serotina
In the absence of carefully documented naturalized populations, the North American distribution of Ulmus glabra is very poorly known. The species is established locally in British Columbia and California, and probably elsewhere. It has been reported from Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, District of Columbia, Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.
Ulmus glabra is similar to U. rubra in leaf morphology but may be readily distinguished by its smooth bark and glabrous samaras. Some of the weeping elms found in cultivation are varieties of U. glabra. The common name wych is derived from Gallic and means "drooping."
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Ulmus serotina is infrequent, and few populations are found outside of Tennessee. It reputedly is highly susceptible to Dutch elm disease (W. H. Duncan and M. B. Duncan 1988), and it is sometimes cultivated. Ulmus serotina hybridizes with U. crassifolia, and plants have been informally designated U. arkansana, an unpublished name. In Arkansas and Oklahoma where hybrid swarms are common, specimens are often difficult to assign to either taxon.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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