Ulmus crassifolia
Ulmus procera
cedar elm
English cork elm, English elm, field elm
light brown with shallow ridges and large plates.
grayish brown, deeply ridged, flaking.
often with opposite corky wings;
twigs reddish brown, pubescent.
old-growth branchlets with corky ridges;
twigs reddish brown, villous to scabrous, old-growth branchlets with corky ridges.
brown, apex acute, pubescent;
scales dark brown, shiny, glabrous.
ovoid;
scales dark brown, sparsely pubescent, marginally pale-ciliate.
blade ovate to elliptic, 2.5-5 × 1.3-2 cm, base oblique or rounded to cuneate, margins crenate to doubly serrate, apex obtuse;
surfaces abaxially softly pubescent, adaxially harshly pubescent.
blade broadly lanceolate-elliptic to ovate, (3-)7-10 × (3-)4-6(-10) cm, base strongly oblique, not covering petiole, margins doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate;
surfaces abaxially villous with woolly tufts in vein axils, pale in contrast to adaxial surface, adaxially dark green, glabrous to sparsely scabrous, margins not ciliate.
fascicles, 2-5-flowered, 0.5 cm;
pedicel 0.75-1 cm.
dense clusters of subsessile flowers borne on lateral shoots resembling short racemes, flowers and fruits not pendulous.
calyx deeply lobed, more than 1/2 its length, lobes 6-9, hairy;
stamens 5-6, anthers reddish purple;
stigmas white, pubescent, exserted and spreading.
calyx green to reddish purple or tan, shallowly lobed, lobes 5-8, marginally villous;
stamens 3-5(-6);
anthers dark brown, globose;
stigmas white, puberulous, persistent in fruit, slender lobes incurved.
somewhat thickened, not inflated.
thickened, not inflated.
hard.
hard.
green to tan, elliptic to oval, ca. 0.75-1 cm, pubescent, margins ciliate, cilia ca. 0.5 mm.
light brown, darker brown to red in area covering seed, orbiculate, about as long as broad, 0.9-1.8 × 0.9-1.6 cm, broadly winged, glabrous except for pubescence along margin of apex, apex shallowly notched.
= 28.
= 28.
Ulmus crassifolia
Ulmus procera
Except for the Suwanee River valley in Florida, Ulmus crassifolia has not been found east of Webster County, Mississippi. It hybridizes with U. serotina.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
In the absence of carefully documented naturalized populations, the North American distribution of Ulmus procera is very poorly known. It is locally established in British Columbia, Arizona, Louisiana, Maryland, and Michigan. It has been reported from Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Off-shoots from the root systems are often found close to planted trees, forming dense clones, especially in and around urban centers.
Some authors have combined Ulmus minor Miller and U. procera Salisbury. This treatment follows that of Tutin and colleagues (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964-1980, vol. 1, pp. 65-66), in which the species were regarded as separate. Reports of Ulmus minor Miller, in the strict sense, in North America are not confirmed. Hybrids of Ulmus procera and U. glabra are reported from New York (R. S. Mitchell 1988) and may be spreading. Both U. procera and U. glabra are involved in the parentage of Dutch elm, Ulmus ×hollandica Pallas.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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