Turritis glabra |
Turritis |
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tower rock-cress, tower-mustard |
tower-mustard, towercress |
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Habit | Plants (3–)4–12(–15) dm, sparsely to densely pilose basally, glabrous distally, trichomes simple and short-stalked, forked. | Biennials or, rarely, perennials (short-lived); not scapose; (glaucous distally), glabrous or pubescent (mostly proximally), trichomes simple and/or stalked, forked, or substellate. |
Stems | erect, unbranched basally, often branched distally. |
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Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; basal rosulate, petiolate, margins usually dentate, sinuate, repand, or pinnatifid, rarely entire; cauline blade (base auriculate or sagittate [amplexicaul]), margins dentate or entire. |
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Basal leaves | blades spatulate, oblanceolate, or oblong, (4–)5–12(–15) cm × 10–30 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces usually pubescent, rarely glabrous. |
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Cauline leaves | blade lanceolate, oblong-elliptic, or ovate, 2–9(–12) cm × (5–)10–25(–40) mm, apex acute. |
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Racemes | (corymbose), considerably elongated in fruit. |
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Flowers | sepals (2.5–)3–5 × 0.5–1.2 mm, glabrous; petals 5–8.5 × 1.3–1.7 mm; filaments slender, median pairs 3.5–6.5 mm, lateral pair 2.5–4.5 mm; anthers 0.7–1.5 mm. |
sepals erect, oblong or linear, (margins membranous); petals usually yellowish or creamy white, rarely pink [purplish], usually narrowly spatulate or linear-oblanceolate, rarely linear, claw not differentiated from blade, (apex obtuse); stamens (erect), tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally; anthers narrowly oblong [linear], (apex obtuse); nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of stamens, lateral glands annular, median glands present. |
Fruiting pedicels | appressed to rachis, (6–)7–16(–20) mm, glabrous. |
erect [divaricate], (appressed to rachis), slender. |
Fruits | (3–)4–10(–12.5) cm × 0.7–1.5 mm; style 0.5–0.8(–1) mm. |
siliques, dehiscent, sessile, linear, smooth, often subterete-quadrangular, (leathery); valves each with prominent midvein, glabrous; replum rounded; septum complete, (membranous, veinless); ovules 130–200 per ovary; (style distinct, short, stout); stigma capitate, (subentire). |
Seeds | 0.6–1.2 × 0.5–0.9 mm. |
biseriate, flattened, not winged or, rarely, narrowly winged, oblong or subglobose [elliptic, orbicular]; seed coat not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. |
x | = 6, 8. |
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2n | = 12, 16, 32. |
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Turritis glabra |
Turritis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | |
Habitat | Forest margins, fields, roadsides, stream banks, disturbed sites, mountain slopes, woods, meadows | |
Elevation | 0-2800 m (0-9200 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NE; NH; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in Australia]
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North America; Eurasia; n Africa |
Discussion | Species 2 (1 in the flora). Turritis laxa (Smith) Hayek is distributed in eastern Europe and the Middle East. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 458. | FNA vol. 7, p. 458. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Camelineae > Turritis | Brassicaceae > tribe Camelineae |
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis glabra, Arabis glabra var. furcatipilis, Arabis macrocarpa, Arabis perfoliata, Arabis pseudoturritis, T. glabra var. lilacina, T. macrocarpa, T. pseudoturritis | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 666. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 666. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 298. (1754) |
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