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narrow false oat, narrow oatgrass, spike false oat, spike trisetum, trisete a epi

false melic, purple false oat, trisete fausse-melique

Habit Plants perennial, with both fertile and sterile shoots; cespitose, not rhizomatous. Plants perennial, with both fertile and sterile shoots; cespitose.
Culms

10-120 cm, clumped, erect, usually glabrous, sometimes villous, sometimes scabridulous.

(20)40-80(100) cm, erect, smooth or scabridulous.

Leaves

mostly basal or evenly distributed;

sheaths variously pubescent or glabrous;

ligules 0.5-4 mm, truncate or rounded;

blades (3)10-20(40) cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, folded, or involute, erect and stiff or ascending and lax.

concentrated below midlength on the culms;

sheaths glabrous or pilose;

ligules 1.5-3.5 mm, rounded or truncate;

blades 10-20+ cm long, 2-9 mm wide, flat, lax.

Panicles

(5)20-30(50) cm long, (0.5)1-2.5(5) cm wide, spikelike to open, often interrupted basally, green, purplish, or tawny, usually silvery-shiny;

branches with the spikelets evenly distributed.

8-20 cm long, usually 2-4 cm wide, lax, nodding, silvery-green or tan;

lower branches to 5 cm, ascending, naked below, the spikelets imbricate distally.

Spikelets

5-7.5 mm, sessile, subsessile, or on pedicels to 1.5(3.5) mm, with 2(3) florets;

rachilla internodes 0.5-1.5 mm;

rachilla hairs to 1 mm.

5-7(9) mm, pedicellate, lance-ovate, with 2(4) florets;

rachilla internodes and hairs 1.3-2 mm.

Glumes

subequal to unequal, lanceolate, usually smooth, sometimes sparsely scabrous, sometimes pilose, with wide scarious margins, apices acute to acuminate, sometimes apiculate;

lower glumes 3-4(5.5) mm;

upper glumes 4-7 mm long, as long as or longer than the lowest florets, less than twice as wide as the lower glumes;

callus hairs to 1 mm;

lemmas 3-6(7) mm, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, glabrous or pilose, sometimes scabridulous, apices bifid, teeth usually shorter than 1 mm, awned, awns 3-8 mm, arising from the upper 1/3 of the lemmas and exceeding the apices, geniculate, twisted basally;

anthers 0.7-1.4 mm.

unequal, widest at or below the middle;

lower glumes 4-5.5 mm;

upper glumes 5-7 mm long, nearly as long as the florets, wider than the lower glumes;

callus hairs 1.5-2 mm;

lemmas 5-6 mm, smooth or scabridulous, apices usually minutely bifid, sometimes entire, unawned or awned.

Caryopses

1.5-3(4) mm, glabrous.

about 3 mm, sparsely pubescent distally.

Awns

to 2 mm, arising just below and rarely exceeding the apices;

paleas shorter than the lemmas;

anthers 0.6-0.8 mm.

2n

= 14, 28, 42.

= 14.

Trisetum spicatum

Trisetum melicoides

Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; ID; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; NH; NM; NV; NY; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
ME; MI; NH; NY; VT; WI; LB; NB; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Trisetum spicatum grows in moist meadows and forests, and on rock ledges, tundra slopes, and screes, at 0^1300 m. Its range includes both North and South America and Eurasia. Many infraspecific taxa have been based on the variation in vestiture and openness of the panicle, but none appears to be justified (see Finot et al. 2004 for a different opinion). Trisetum montanum Vasey appears to represent no more than an extreme phase. Trisetum spicatum differs from T. sibiricum in its pubescent sheaths and denser, usually narrower panicles.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Trisetum melicoides is a native species that grows on moist, cool stream banks, gravelly shores, shaded rock ledges (especially calcareous ones), and in damp woods. It grows only in southeastern Canada and the northeastern United States. It is listed as endangered in Wisconsin, New York, and Maine. Plants with pilose sheaths have been called T. melicoides var. majus (A. Gray) Hitchc, but the trait varies within populations.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 748. FNA vol. 24, p. 745.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Trisetum Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Trisetum
Sibling taxa
T. aureum, T. canescens, T. cernuum, T. flavescens, T. interruptum, T. melicoides, T. orthochaetum, T. sibiricum, T. wolfii
T. aureum, T. canescens, T. cernuum, T. flavescens, T. interruptum, T. orthochaetum, T. sibiricum, T. spicatum, T. wolfii
Synonyms T. triflorum subsp. molle, T. triflorum, T. subspicatum, T. spicatum var. pilosiglume, T. spicatum subsp. montanum, T. spicatum var. molle, T. spicatum subsp. molle, T. spicatum subsp. majus, T. spicatum var. maidenii, T. spicatum subsp. congdoni, T. montanum, T. molle T. melicoides var. majus
Name authority (L.) K. Richt. (Michx.) Scribn.
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