Trillium albidum |
Trillium decipiens |
|
---|---|---|
giant trillium, giant white wakerobin, sessile trillium, smallflower trillium, white toadshade |
Chattahoochee River wakerobin, deceiving trillium |
|
Rhizomes | horizontal, ± erect, brown, superficially bulblike, short, thick, not brittle. |
horizontal, brownish, thick, praemorse, not brittle. |
Scapes | often several from same rhizome terminus, round in cross section, 2.2–5.8 dm, stout. |
1–3, green or bronze-green, round in cross section, 1.7–4.4 dm, stout, glabrous. |
Bracts | held well above ground, sessile; blade weakly mottled with scattered, darker green spots, mottling often fading later in season, broadly ovate, 10–20 × 12–15 cm, not glossy, base rounded, apex obtuse. |
held horizontally, not drooping, tips at anthesis held well above ground, sessile; blade usually very strongly marked with at least 3 shades of dark green, bronze green, and purplish green, often with light central strip, mottling becoming obscure with age, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, widest at ca. 1/3 of length from basal attachment, tapered very gradually to tip, 8–17+ × 4.9–8.5 cm, rounded basally, margins of distal 1/3 straight, apex acute. |
Flower | borne directly upon bracts, erect, fragrance roselike; sepals conspicuous, spreading, displayed above bracts, pale green, lanceolate, 30–65 × 12–15 mm, margins entire, apex acute; petals long-lasting, usually erect or slightly spreading, ± connivent, ± concealing stamens and ovary basally, white to creamy white, rarely soft pinkish rose near base, veins prominent but not engraved, not spirally twisted, obovate, more lanceolate in young plants, 4.8–8 × 2.2–3 cm, widest at or just above middle, ± thick-textured, base cuneate, margins entire, ± flat, apex rounded to acute; stamens erect, greenish white, 15–25 mm; filaments whitish green, 3–4 mm, slender; anthers erect, straight, yellow, 11–20 mm, dehiscence latrorse; connectives straight, extended ca. 1 mm beyond anther sacs, rounded; ovary green or occasionally purple, ovoid, rounded 6-gonal, 6–11 mm; stigmas erect to spreading, distinct, sessile, subulate, 4–7 mm, thin distally. |
faintly ill-scented; sepals divergent-ascending, streaked with green to maroon, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 36–68 × 12–21 mm, margins entire, flat or slightly raised adaxially, apex acute; petals long-lasting, erect, ± connivent, ± partially concealing stamens and ovary, maroon-purple, brownish purple to brown, greenish streaked to green, rarely yellow, becoming brown, or occasionally bright copper-bronze with age, not spirally twisted, veins not engraved, obovate to oblanceolate, large in proportion to leaf size compared to many species, 5–9 × 1–2 cm, 2+ times longer than wide, widest at or just above middle, thick-textured, margins entire, flat, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded; stamens erect or incurving, 12–24 mm; filaments yellow, 2–3 mm; anthers erect, straight, rarely arcuate, yellow, 10–15 mm, dehiscence latrorse; connectives straight, projecting 1–2 mm beyond anther sacs; ovary dark red, brown, or gray, ellipsoid, strongly 6-angled, 6–13 mm; stigmas basally erect, tips recoiled upon ovary, distinct, green, white, or purple, linear, short, 3–12 mm, slightly thickened basally, not fleshy. |
Fruits | green or purplish green, fragrance unknown, ovoid to globose, pulpy, juicy. |
baccate, dark green to purple, odor not reported, ellipsoid, strongly grooved and ridged, pulpy or mealy. |
2n | = 10. |
|
Trillium albidum |
Trillium decipiens |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (mid Mar–late Apr). | Flowering winter–mid spring (late Jan–early Apr). |
Habitat | Moist slopes in rich mixed deciduous-coniferous forests or coniferous stands, brushy thickets on flats, open fields, pastures, and fencerows, dense second-growth coniferous forests, floodplains along streams and larger rivers | Rich woods and bluffs in mixed deciduous forests of oak, red maple, beech, elm, and others, also thinner upland oak woods, in depressions and in ravines, low sandy-alluvial slopes to local rivers |
Elevation | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) | 50–100 m (200–300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
AL; FL; GA
|
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 106. | FNA vol. 26, p. 108. |
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Trillium > subg. Phyllantherum | Liliaceae > Trillium > subg. Phyllantherum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | J. D. Freeman: Brittonia 27: 48, fig. 11. (1975) | J. D. Freeman: Brittonia 27: 17, fig. 3. (1975) |
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