Triglochin palustris |
Triglochin maritima |
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marsh arrow-grass, marsh arrrow-grass, troscart des marais |
arrow-grass, common arrow-grass, saltmarsh arrow-grass, seaside arrow-grass, troscart maritime |
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Habit | Plants with fibrous strands of leaves at base, 9–42.5 cm. | Plants with fibrous strands of old leaves at base, 3.5–61.5 cm. |
Leaves | erect from sheath, shorter than scapes, 6–24.5 cm; sheath 3.5–5 cm × 1.5–5 mm, ligule not hoodlike, unlobed; blade 0.8–2.9 mm wide, apex acute. |
erect from sheath, mostly shorter than scape, 2.2–11.5 cm; sheath 0.7–2.5 cm × 1–1.8 mm, ligule occasionally hoodlike, apically 2-lobed; blade 0.9–1.4 mm wide, apex obtuse to round. |
Inflorescences | scape often purple near base, mostly exceeding leaves, 5.5–27.2 cm × 1–2.1 mm; racemes 5.1–21.4 cm × 2–5 mm; pedicel 0.4–4.5 × 0.1–0.5 mm. |
scape often purple near base, mostly exceeding leaves, 1–16.5 cm × 0.5–1 mm; racemes 6–45 cm × 1.5–7 mm; pedicel 1–4 × 0.2–0.3 mm. |
Flowers | tepals elliptic, 1.1–1.6 × 0.7–0.9 mm, apex round; pistils 6, 3 fertile, 3 sterile. |
tepals elliptic, 1.3–1.7 × 0.6–1.4 mm, apex acute; pistils 6, all fertile. |
Fruits | fruiting receptacles with wings; schizocarps linear, 7–8.3 × 0.8–1.2 mm; mericarps linear, weakly ridged abaxially, 6.5–8.5 × 0.5–1.5 mm, beak erect, 0.3 mm. |
fruiting receptacle without wings; schizocarps linear to near globose, 2–4.5 × 1.5–2 mm; mericarps linear to linear-obovate, weakly ridged, 1.5–3.5 × 0.7–1 mm, beak erect to recurved, 0.2 mm. |
2n | = 24. |
= 12, 24, 36, 48, 120. |
Triglochin palustris |
Triglochin maritima |
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Phenology | Flowering summer and early fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Coastal and mountain marsh areas and moist alkaline meadows | Coastal and mountain marsh areas and moist alkaline meadows |
Elevation | 0–3700 m (0–12100 ft) | 0–4000 m (0–13100 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Mexico; South America; Greenland; Eurasia
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Mexico; South America; n Europe; n Asia
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Discussion | This taxon has been separated into Triglochin concinna and T. maritima based upon the lobing of the ligule and the smaller size of the plants of the former (e.g., J. L. Reveal 1977; R. F. Thorne 1993). On a local basis such a separation seems warranted. Examination of the T. maritima complex throughout the Americas, however, reveals continuous variation from small, widely spaced plants with 2-lobed ligules to large, tufted plants with unlobed ligules, including plants with all combinations of those characters. Triglochin maritima is important in livestock management because it is quite toxic: it is a cyanide producer. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaginaceae > Triglochin | Juncaginaceae > Triglochin |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. concinna, T. concinna var. debilis, T. debilis, T. elata | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 338. 1753 (as palustre) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 339. 1753 (as maritimum) |
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