Trifolium willdenovii |
Trifolium virginicum |
|
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sand clover, thimble clover, tomcat clover, Willdenow's clover |
kates mountain clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 10–60 cm, glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 3–10 cm, pilose. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
cespitose, prostrate, branched from crown. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules lanceolate or ovate, 1–2 cm, margins dentate or lacerate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–8 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades linear, lanceolate, or elliptic, 1–5 × 0.2–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins serrate, apex acute, blunt, or retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules oblanceolate to ovate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 5–10 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades linear-elliptic, elliptic, narrowly oblong, or lanceolate, 1–7 × 0.4–1 cm, base cuneate, veins fine or thickened, margins entire or serrulate, apex truncate to acute, surfaces pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–50-flowered, globose or ovoid, 1–3.5 × 1–3 cm; involucres flattened or bowl-shaped, 3–9 mm, when folded, not hiding flowers except proximally, incised 1/4–1/3 their length. |
terminal or axillary, 20–40-flowered, becoming supine in fruit, globose, 1.5–3.5 × 1.5–3 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2–15 cm. |
2–6 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
reflexed in fruit, 3–8 mm; bracteoles ovate or lanceolate-linear, to 1 mm. |
Flowers | 12–20 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, slit between adaxial lobes, 6–9 mm, glabrous, veins 10–15, tube 3–7 mm, lobes unequal, triangular or subulate, usually 3-fid or shouldered below apex, orifice open; corolla usually white with purple spot, sometimes lavender or pink or all white, 10–18 mm, banner narrowly oblong, 12–20 × 3–4 mm, apex obtuse or retuse. |
10–12 mm; calyx campanulate, 4–7 mm, pilose, veins 10, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes equal, subulate, orifice open; corolla white, sometimes becoming pink to red, 10–12 mm, banner obovate-oblong, 10–12 × 4–5 mm, apex rounded, retuse or mucronate. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 3 mm. |
stipitate, obovoid, 4–7.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow, mottled, globose-ellipsoid, 1.5–2.5 mm, smooth. |
1, yellow-brown, mitten-shaped, 1.8–2.1 mm, rugose. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium willdenovii |
Trifolium virginicum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Roadsides, meadows, lawns, hillsides, stream margins, open oak chaparral. | Shale barren slopes. |
Elevation | 0–2500 m. (0–8200 ft.) | 400–1200 m. (1300–3900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
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MD; PA; VA; WV |
Discussion | Trifolium willdenovii was described by M. Zohary and D. Heller (1984) as one of the most variable clover species in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium virginicum is an endemic species of shale barrens in the Appalachian Mountains, from Bedford, Franklin, and Fulton counties in Pennsylvania, southward through eastern West Virginia and western Maryland, to northwestern Virginia. Genetic similarity is high among populations of Trifolium virginicum, and gene flow appears to be low (T. M. Linscott 1994). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. involucratum, T. aciculare, T. nuttallii, T. scabrellum, T. segetum, T. tridentatum, T. tridentatum var. aciculare, T. tridentatum var. scabrellum, T. tridentatum var. segetum, T. tridentatum var. watsonii, T. trimorphum, T. watsonii | |
Name authority | Sprengel: Syst. Veg. 3: 208. (1826) | Small: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 112, plate 75. (1894) |
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