Trifolium willdenovii |
Trifolium beckwithii |
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sand clover, thimble clover, tomcat clover, Willdenow's clover |
Beckwith's clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 10–60 cm, glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 5–50 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect or ascending, unbranched or several stems clumped from crown. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules lanceolate or ovate, 1–2 cm, margins dentate or lacerate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–8 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades linear, lanceolate, or elliptic, 1–5 × 0.2–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins serrate, apex acute, blunt, or retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules narrowly ovate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 1–2 cm, margins entire or toothed, apex acute; petiole 0.5–20 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades usually rhombic, oblong, or elliptic, sometimes ovate, 2.5–5 × 0.6–2 cm, base cuneate, veins slightly thickened, margins setose-serrulate, apex obtuse or retuse, surfaces glaucous abaxially, glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–50-flowered, globose or ovoid, 1–3.5 × 1–3 cm; involucres flattened or bowl-shaped, 3–9 mm, when folded, not hiding flowers except proximally, incised 1/4–1/3 their length. |
terminal or axillary, 30–70+-flowered, globose or ovoid becoming subglobose, 1.5–4 × 1.8–3.3 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers, undivided or forked, often bearing sterile flower buds distally; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2–15 cm. |
straight, thick, 5–25 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
strongly reflexed in fruit, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles minute. |
Flowers | 12–20 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, slit between adaxial lobes, 6–9 mm, glabrous, veins 10–15, tube 3–7 mm, lobes unequal, triangular or subulate, usually 3-fid or shouldered below apex, orifice open; corolla usually white with purple spot, sometimes lavender or pink or all white, 10–18 mm, banner narrowly oblong, 12–20 × 3–4 mm, apex obtuse or retuse. |
11–14 mm, sweetly fragrant; calyx campanulate, gibbous, 4–6 mm, glabrous, veins 5, tube 2–3 mm, lobes unequal, narrowly triangular or subulate, orifice open; corolla light purplish, sometimes with pink tips, 10–13 mm, banner straight, obovate to broadly elliptic, 13–18 × 6–8 mm, apex rounded or retuse, apiculate. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 3 mm. |
oblong, 5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow, mottled, globose-ellipsoid, 1.5–2.5 mm, smooth. |
2–4, reddish brown, flattened globose, 1.5–2 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
= 48. |
Trifolium willdenovii |
Trifolium beckwithii |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Roadsides, meadows, lawns, hillsides, stream margins, open oak chaparral. | Moist, grassy meadows along streams. |
Elevation | 0–2500 m. (0–8200 ft.) | 1200–2000 m. (3900–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA
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Discussion | Trifolium willdenovii was described by M. Zohary and D. Heller (1984) as one of the most variable clover species in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Disjunct populations of Trifolium beckwithii found in South Dakota are over 1200 km east of the nearest populations in Montana. The South Dakota populations appear to have been long-distance introductions from populations in northern California, based on molecular data (M. R. Duvall et al. 1999). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. involucratum, T. aciculare, T. nuttallii, T. scabrellum, T. segetum, T. tridentatum, T. tridentatum var. aciculare, T. tridentatum var. scabrellum, T. tridentatum var. segetum, T. tridentatum var. watsonii, T. trimorphum, T. watsonii | |
Name authority | Sprengel: Syst. Veg. 3: 208. (1826) | Brewer ex S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 128. (1876) |
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