Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium retusum |
|
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arrow-leaf clover |
teasel clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 15–70 cm, glabrous. | Herbs annual, 15–40 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
erect or ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules linear-lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or setaceous; petiole 0.5–10 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflet 3, blades obovate to oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened, margins spinulose-denticulate, apex apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules triangular-lanceolate, 0.7–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex stramineous, subulate; petiole 1.5–5 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, oblong, or elliptic, 0.8–1.8 × 0.4–0.9 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins dentate-spinulose, apex rounded to emarginate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 50–100+-flowered, globose, ovoid, or oblong, 3–6 × 2–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary, 15–30-flowered, globose, 0.8–1 × 0.8–1 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 1–12 cm. |
0.5–2 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles lanceolate, 6–7 mm, acuminate. |
recurved in fruit, 1 mm; bracteoles folded, linear-subulate, 4–5 mm. |
Flowers | 12–16 mm; calyx urceolate, not bilabiate, inflated in fruit, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 20–36, connected by transverse veins in fruit, tube 3–5 mm, lobes reflexed, subequal, subulate, as long as tube, orifice constricted; corolla white becoming pink, 12–15 mm, banner ovate, broadly clawed, striate, 12–15 × 2–4 mm, apex acute-acuminate. |
4–5 mm; calyx obconic, 4–5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1.3–2.1 mm, lobes unequal, longer than tube, subulate, recurved in fruit, orifice open; corolla white or pink, 3.2–4.5 mm, banner ovate, 3–4 × 1–2 mm, apex acute to rounded, entire to slightly erose distally. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 2.5–2.5 mm, shorter than calyx. |
ovoid-oblong, 4.2–5.5 mm. |
Seeds | 2 or 3, brown, ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, roughened. |
2, brown, ovoid-reniform, 1 mm, minutely granulose. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium retusum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, forest openings. | Roadsides, lawns. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 100–800 m. (300–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MO; MS; OK; OR; SC; TX; VA; WA; s Europe; e Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America]
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CA; OR; WA; s Europe; w Asia; introduced also in s Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Trifolium vesiculosum was first introduced into cultivation in the United States in 1963 and is grown in southern and western states (J. D. Miller and H. D. Wells 1985). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium retusum is a very recent introduction in the flora area; it is known from relatively few counties in the Pacific Coast states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Savi: Fl. Pis. 2: 165. (1798) — (as vessiculosum) | Linnaeus: Demonstr. Pl., 21. (1753) |
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