Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium pinetorum |
|
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arrow-leaf clover |
pine clover, pinewoods clover, woods clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 15–70 cm, glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 5–30 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose; rhizomes absent, roots stout, branched. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
prostrate to ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules linear-lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or setaceous; petiole 0.5–10 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflet 3, blades obovate to oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened, margins spinulose-denticulate, apex apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate-ovate, 0.7–1.3 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate; petiole 1–8.5 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate or obovate, 0.5–2.9 × 0.4–1.3 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins denticulate to spinulose, apex usually rounded or truncate, sometimes retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 50–100+-flowered, globose, ovoid, or oblong, 3–6 × 2–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary or terminal, 10–20-flowered, obconic, globose, or subglobose, 1.7–2.5 × 1.–1.5 cm; involucres broadly campanulate, 6–8 mm, incised ± 3/4 their length, lobes 15–20, linear-lanceolate, entire, acuminate. |
Peduncles | 1–12 cm. |
4–6 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles lanceolate, 6–7 mm, acuminate. |
erect to slightly reflexed, 1–2 mm; bracteoles ovate, 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 12–16 mm; calyx urceolate, not bilabiate, inflated in fruit, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 20–36, connected by transverse veins in fruit, tube 3–5 mm, lobes reflexed, subequal, subulate, as long as tube, orifice constricted; corolla white becoming pink, 12–15 mm, banner ovate, broadly clawed, striate, 12–15 × 2–4 mm, apex acute-acuminate. |
10–16 mm; calyx campanulate, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–2.3 mm, lobes ± equal, subulate, 3–5 mm, orifice open; corolla white to pale purple, keel petals with dark purple-red tips, 11–13 mm, banner oblong, 11–13 × 4–5 mm, apex retuse. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 2.5–2.5 mm, shorter than calyx. |
short-stipitate, oblong, 3.5–5 mm. |
Seeds | 2 or 3, brown, ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, roughened. |
1 or 2, olive-brown, mottled purple, oblong, 1.5 mm, smooth, semiglossy. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium pinetorum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Oct. |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, forest openings. | Disturbed areas in pine, fir, or spruce forests. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 2300–2800 m. (7500–9200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MO; MS; OK; OR; SC; TX; VA; WA; s Europe; e Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America]
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AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua)
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Discussion | Trifolium vesiculosum was first introduced into cultivation in the United States in 1963 and is grown in southern and western states (J. D. Miller and H. D. Wells 1985). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium pinetorum is found in Cochise, Coconino, Pima, and Santa Cruz counties in Arizona, and Catron, Grant, Lincoln, and Otero counties in New Mexico, as well as the Sierra Madre in Chihuahua, Mexico. It occupies disturbed areas in pine-fir-spruce forests, and has adapted well to anthropogenic disturbances, such as roadsides and other graded areas (J. M. Gillett 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. longicaule, T. willdenovii var. longicaule, T. wormskioldii var. longicaule | |
Name authority | Savi: Fl. Pis. 2: 165. (1798) — (as vessiculosum) | Greene: Erythea 2: 182. (1894) |
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