Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium palmeri |
|
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arrow-leaf clover |
Palmer's clover, southern island clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 15–70 cm, glabrous. | Herbs annual, 4–40 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
erect or ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules linear-lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or setaceous; petiole 0.5–10 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflet 3, blades obovate to oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened, margins spinulose-denticulate, apex apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate, 0.5–2.5 cm, margins entire or slightly serrate, apex acuminate; petiole 0.5–5 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, 0.8–3 × 0.3–0.8 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins setose-serrulate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 50–100+-flowered, globose, ovoid, or oblong, 3–6 × 2–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary or terminal, 10–20-flowered, globose to subglobose, 0.5–2 × 0.5–2 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 1–12 cm. |
1–5 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles lanceolate, 6–7 mm, acuminate. |
becoming dramatically reflexed, 3–4 mm; bracteoles low, broadly triangular, membranous, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 12–16 mm; calyx urceolate, not bilabiate, inflated in fruit, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 20–36, connected by transverse veins in fruit, tube 3–5 mm, lobes reflexed, subequal, subulate, as long as tube, orifice constricted; corolla white becoming pink, 12–15 mm, banner ovate, broadly clawed, striate, 12–15 × 2–4 mm, apex acute-acuminate. |
5–9 mm; calyx narrowly campanulate, 5–6.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes unequal, narrowly triangular to acicular, margins green or purple, membranous, orifice open; corolla pink or purple, 5–9 mm, banner narrowly elliptic-oblong, 5–9 × 3–4 mm, apex narrowly rounded to acute. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 2.5–2.5 mm, shorter than calyx. |
ovoid-ellipsoid, 4–6 mm. |
Seeds | 2 or 3, brown, ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, roughened. |
1 or 2, yellow, purple-mottled, mitten-shaped, 2 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium palmeri |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, forest openings. | Thin soils on slopes. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MO; MS; OK; OR; SC; TX; VA; WA; s Europe; e Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America]
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CA; Mexico (Baja California) |
Discussion | Trifolium vesiculosum was first introduced into cultivation in the United States in 1963 and is grown in southern and western states (J. D. Miller and H. D. Wells 1985). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium palmeri is known from the islands off the coast of southern California and Baja California, Mexico. It was long considered a variety of T. gracilentum but molecular analyses support its recognition as distinct (N. W. Ellison et al. 2006). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. gracilentum var. palmeri | |
Name authority | Savi: Fl. Pis. 2: 165. (1798) — (as vessiculosum) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 132. (1876) |
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