Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium macilentum |
|
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arrow-leaf clover |
lean clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 15–70 cm, glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 12–38 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
erect, ascending, or decumbent, unbranched or branched distally. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules linear-lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or setaceous; petiole 0.5–10 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflet 3, blades obovate to oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened, margins spinulose-denticulate, apex apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate-elliptic on basal leaves, triangular-ovate on distal leaves, 0.8–3 cm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–15 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, rhombic, or lanceolate, 1–4.5 × 0.3–2.5 cm, thin, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins serrate, those of basal leaves setose and/or dentate, apex rounded or acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 50–100+-flowered, globose, ovoid, or oblong, 3–6 × 2–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal or axillary, 20–40-flowered, ovoid or obovoid, 2–4 × 1.4–3.5 cm, rachis internodes between floral whorls elongated; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 1–12 cm. |
4–15 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles lanceolate, 6–7 mm, acuminate. |
reflexed, to 1 mm; bracteoles minute, blunt. |
Flowers | 12–16 mm; calyx urceolate, not bilabiate, inflated in fruit, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 20–36, connected by transverse veins in fruit, tube 3–5 mm, lobes reflexed, subequal, subulate, as long as tube, orifice constricted; corolla white becoming pink, 12–15 mm, banner ovate, broadly clawed, striate, 12–15 × 2–4 mm, apex acute-acuminate. |
14–17 mm; calyx campanulate, 4–5.7 mm, sparsely hairy, veins 10, tube 2–3.5 mm, lobes unequal, shorter than tube, narrowly triangular, orifice open; corolla violet or deep purple, 14–17 mm, banner ovate-oblong, 14–16 × 8–10 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 2.5–2.5 mm, shorter than calyx. |
oblong or clavate, 4–5 mm. |
Seeds | 2 or 3, brown, ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, roughened. |
1–3, brown, flattened ovoid, 2 mm, smooth or slightly roughened, dull. |
2n | = 16. |
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Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium macilentum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, forest openings. | Dry hillsides. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 1200–2800 m. (3900–9200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MO; MS; OK; OR; SC; TX; VA; WA; s Europe; e Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America]
|
NV; UT |
Discussion | Trifolium vesiculosum was first introduced into cultivation in the United States in 1963 and is grown in southern and western states (J. D. Miller and H. D. Wells 1985). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium macilentum and morphologically similar species (T. dedeckerae, T. kingii, T. productum, and T. rollinsii) have been treated in diverse ways. J. M. Gillett (1972) recognized the latter four as distinct and considered T. macilentum a subspecies of T. kingii. D. Isely (1998) recognized T. kingii, T. macilentum, and T. productum, and considered T. dedeckerae and T. rollinsii to be varieties of T. macilentum. R. C. Barneby (1989) treated these as two species, T. kingii (with T. productum in synonymy) and T. macilentum (with T. dedeckerae and T. rollinsii as varieties). M. Zohary and D. Heller (1984) recognized T. kingii, with the other four taxa considered subspecies. As treated here, T. macilentum is known from extreme southwestern Utah and adjacent Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Savi: Fl. Pis. 2: 165. (1798) — (as vessiculosum) | Greene: Pittonia 3: 223. (1897) |
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