Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium brandegeei |
|
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arrow-leaf clover |
Brandegee's clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 15–70 cm, glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 5–15 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
cespitose, short-branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules linear-lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or setaceous; petiole 0.5–10 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflet 3, blades obovate to oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened, margins spinulose-denticulate, apex apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules broadly lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 0.6–1.2 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, oblong-elliptic, or elliptic, 0.8–3 × 0.4–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins entire or faintly serrate, apex acute to rounded or minutely apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 50–100+-flowered, globose, ovoid, or oblong, 3–6 × 2–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal, 4–15-flowered, ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–4 × 2.2–3 cm, rachis prolonged ca. 10 mm beyond distalmost flower; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 1–12 cm. |
6–20 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles lanceolate, 6–7 mm, acuminate. |
strongly reflexed, 1–2 mm; bracteoles linear, minute. |
Flowers | 12–16 mm; calyx urceolate, not bilabiate, inflated in fruit, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 20–36, connected by transverse veins in fruit, tube 3–5 mm, lobes reflexed, subequal, subulate, as long as tube, orifice constricted; corolla white becoming pink, 12–15 mm, banner ovate, broadly clawed, striate, 12–15 × 2–4 mm, apex acute-acuminate. |
15–18 mm; calyx whitish, campanulate, 7–10 mm, sparsely pubescent, veins 10, tube 4–5 mm, lobes subequal, longer than tube, narrowly triangular, acuminate, orifice open; corolla purple to magenta, 15–18 mm, banner broadly ovate, 15–17 × 7–9 mm, apex obtuse or retuse. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 2.5–2.5 mm, shorter than calyx. |
oblong, 6.5–7 mm. |
Seeds | 2 or 3, brown, ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, roughened. |
1–3, yellow and red, flattened ovoid, 2–2.5 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium vesiculosum |
Trifolium brandegeei |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, forest openings. | Open montane forests and subalpine areas. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 3500–3700 m. (11500–12100 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MO; MS; OK; OR; SC; TX; VA; WA; s Europe; e Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America]
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CO; NM
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Discussion | Trifolium vesiculosum was first introduced into cultivation in the United States in 1963 and is grown in southern and western states (J. D. Miller and H. D. Wells 1985). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
A close relationship between Trifolium brandegeei and T. parryi was hypothesized by J. M. Gillett (1965); this has not been borne out by flavonoid chemosystematics (E. V. Parups et al. 1966) or DNA analyses (N. W. Ellison et al. 2006). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Savi: Fl. Pis. 2: 165. (1798) — (as vessiculosum) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 130. (1876) — (as brandegei) |
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