Trifolium striatum |
Trifolium angustifolium |
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knotted clover |
narrow-leaf clover, narrow-leaf crimson clover |
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Habit | Herbs usually annual, rarely biennial, 10–50 cm, villous. | Herbs annual, 10–30 cm, appressed-pubescent. |
Stems | erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched from base. |
erect, unbranched to sparsely branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules lanceolate-ovate, 0.9–1.1 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate, setaceous, ciliate; petiole 0.5–5 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate to oblong, 0.9–1.6 × 0.4–1 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins denticulate, apex obtuse, obcordate, or emarginate, surfaces hairy. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate to linear, 0.5–2.2 cm, margins entire, apex lanceolate-linear; petiole 2–3 cm; petiolules 1+ mm; leaflets 3, blades linear-lanceolate, 3–5 × 0.2–0.4 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces hairy. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, solitary or paired, 20–60-flowered, ovoid or oblong, 0.8–1.6 × 0.6–1 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal, 25–75-flowered, spicate, cylindric or conic, 3–8 × 1.5–2 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 0–1 cm. |
1–2.2 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles absent. |
erect, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 5–7 mm; calyx ellipsoid to urceolate, 3–4 mm, hairy, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes erect or spreading, unequal, abaxial longest and equal to tube, subulate, orifice open; corolla pink, 25–35 mm, banner oblong, 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2 mm, apex retuse. |
10–13 mm; calyx tubular, 8–13 mm, tuberculate with appressed, stiff hairs, veins 10, tube 3–5 mm, lobes unequal, abaxial lobes longest, subulate-setaceous, spreading stellate in fruit, orifice closed by bilabiate callosities, hairy; corolla usually pale pink or purple, rarely white, 9–12 mm, banner ovate-elliptic, 9–12 × 2–2.5 mm, apex notched. |
Legumes | ovoid, leathery distally, transversely dehiscent, 2–2.5 mm. |
ovoid, leathery distally, transversely dehiscent, 2.2–2.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1, tan or reddish brown, globose to ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, smooth, glossy. |
1, light brown or yellow, ovoid, 1.6–2 mm, smooth, glossy. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14, 16. |
Trifolium striatum |
Trifolium angustifolium |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Apr. |
Habitat | Waste places | Waste places, fields, meadows. |
Elevation | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; GA; MA; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; VA; VT; WA; BC; Europe; w Asia; nw Africa [Introduced also in s South America (Chile), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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AL; CA; OR; SC; Europe; w Asia; n Africa; Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Chile, Uruguay), s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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Discussion | Trifolium striatum has been recorded as an occasional weed in the flora area, having been first collected on ballast in New Jersey in 1880. It is found sporadically as a weed of disturbed habitats and appears to be spreading rapidly. It has been called Pitts’s clover in the southern United States because it was discovered by J. D. Pitts in a field of crimson clover as a weed and he experimented with it as a forage plant (G. L. Fuller and B. H. Hendrickson 1928). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium angustifolium is spreading rapidly in west-central California and is weedy in many regions globally (R. P. Randall 2002). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 770. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 769. (1753) |
Web links |
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