Trifolium sonorense |
Trifolium trichocalyx |
|
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Sonoran clover |
Monterey clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 25–38+ cm, pubescent. | Herbs annual, 5–45 cm, sparsely villous to glabrescent. |
Stems | prostrate, branched. |
prostrate, decumbent, or erect, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules narrowly triangular, 0.7–1.7 cm, margins entire or finely serrulate, apex usually acute or acuminate, sometimes 2-fid; petiole 0.3–5 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate to obcordate, 0.9–1.6 × 0.7–1.2 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins serrate to weakly so, apex rounded or emarginate, mucronulate, surfaces slightly hairy abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 0.4–1.2 cm, margins serrate-lacerate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–4 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, 0.5–1.5 × 0.4–1 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately prominent, margins denticulate, apex truncate, retuse, or mucronulate, surfaces glabrescent. |
Inflorescences | axillary, 10–20-flowered, depressed-globose or globose, 0.8–1.6 × 0.9–1.6 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers; involucres a narrow rim, or slightly proximally connate bracteoles of proximal flowers, 0.1–0.5 mm. |
axillary or terminal, 2–15-flowered, subglobose, 1.5–1.8 × 0.5–1.5 cm; involucres flattened or vase-shaped, 1–3 mm, when folded, not hiding flowers except proximally, incised 2/3–3/4 their length, lobes 5–15, linear-lanceolate, entire, acuminate. |
Peduncles | 2.8–5 cm. |
1.5–4 cm. |
Pedicels | reflexed in fruit, 1–3 mm; bracteoles linear-triangular, 0.5 mm. |
erect, 1.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 5.7–6.7 mm; calyx tubular, 3.3–6.5 mm, pubescent, veins 10, tube 0.8–1 mm, lobes subequal, narrowly triangular, orifice open; corolla white or pink, 5.3–6.5 mm, banner obovate, 5.3–6.5 × 2.8–3.8 mm, apex broadly rounded or broadly acute. |
8–11 mm; calyx campanulate-tubular, not slit between adaxial lobes, 6–9 mm, usually densely pubescent, rarely sparsely so, veins 10, tube 2.5–4.5 mm, lobes unequal, lanceolate-subulate, orifice open; corolla light purple with darker purple keel petals, 6–10 mm, banner narrowly obovate, 4–5 × 1 mm, apex retuse. |
Legumes | obovoid, 4.3–4.4 mm. |
sessile, oblong, 5 mm. |
Seeds | 2, brownish orange or olive-brown, globose or broadly reniform, 1.2–1.7 mm, smooth. |
3–6(–9), pale brown, mottled purple, globose to mitten-shaped, 0.8–1 mm, smooth to slightly roughened, semiglossy. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Trifolium sonorense |
Trifolium trichocalyx |
|
Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Dry stream banks, grassy places. | Sandy, rich soils in open Monterey pine forests, often after fire. |
Elevation | 1500–1800 m. (4900–5900 ft.) | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; Mexico (Chihuahua, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Sonora) |
CA |
Discussion | Trifolium sonorense has long been equated with T. amabile Kunth, from which T. K. Ahlquist (2012) and also Ahlquist & M. A. Vincent have shown it to be distinct by longer sepal lobes (more than 3 mm), keel petal claws (more than 1.7 mm), and filament tubes (more than 3.6 mm). Trifolium sonorense is known from western Mexico and southernmost Arizona (Cochise County), largely in the Sonoran Desert region, and in mountainous Jalisco. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium trichocalyx is an extremely rare species known only from Mendocino and Monterey counties. D. I. Axelrod (1982) suggested that T. trichocalyx might have originated as a hybrid between T. microcephalum and T. variegatum, but this is not supported by molecular studies (N. W. Ellison et al. 2006). It appears to be fire-adapted and appeared in large numbers shortly after a fire in 1987 (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2004). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. oliganthum var. trichocalyx | |
Name authority | T. K. Ahlquist & Vincent: Phytoneuron 2018-1: 1, fig. 1. (2018) | A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 1: 55. (1904) |
Web links |