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Siskiyou clover

Palmer's clover, southern island clover

Habit Herbs perennial, 20–50 cm, glabrous; rhizomes elongate, slender, roots tuberous. Herbs annual, 4–40 cm, glabrous.
Stems

erect, sparsely branched.

erect or ascending, branched.

Leaves

palmate;

stipules lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm, margins entire or slightly lacerate, apex acuminate;

petiole 1.6–2.4 cm;

petiolules 0.5 mm;

leaflets 3, blades obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, 0.8–3 × 0.5–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins fine or thickened distally, margins finely serrulate, apex acute, mucronate, or retuse, surfaces glabrous.

palmate;

stipules lanceolate, 0.5–2.5 cm, margins entire or slightly serrate, apex acuminate;

petiole 0.5–5 cm;

petiolules to 1 mm;

leaflets 3, blades narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, 0.8–3 × 0.3–0.8 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins setose-serrulate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

usually terminal, sometimes axillary, 30–50-flowered, subglobose, 1.2–1.8 × 1.5–2 cm;

involucres shallowly bowl-shaped, 18–22 mm, deeply incised, lobes slender, irregular or bifurcate.

axillary or terminal, 10–20-flowered, globose to subglobose, 0.5–2 × 0.5–2 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers;

involucres absent.

Peduncles

2.8–3.4 cm.

1–5 cm.

Pedicels

straight, 0.5–0.8 mm;

bracteoles linear, 1–2 mm.

becoming dramatically reflexed, 3–4 mm;

bracteoles low, broadly triangular, membranous, to 0.5 mm.

Flowers

10–13 mm;

calyx tubular, 0.5–0.6 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2 mm, lobes ± equal, 3–4 mm, orifice open;

corolla white to purple, 9–12 mm, banner oblong, 7–12 × 2–3 mm, apex retuse.

5–9 mm;

calyx narrowly campanulate, 5–6.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes unequal, narrowly triangular to acicular, margins green or purple, membranous, orifice open;

corolla pink or purple, 5–9 mm, banner narrowly elliptic-oblong, 5–9 × 3–4 mm, apex narrowly rounded to acute.

Legumes

oblong, 2–4 mm.

ovoid-ellipsoid, 4–6 mm.

Seeds

2–4, brown, subglobose or mitten-shaped, 1.5 mm, smooth.

1 or 2, yellow, purple-mottled, mitten-shaped, 2 mm, smooth.

2n

= 16.

Trifolium siskiyouense

Trifolium palmeri

Phenology Flowering Jun–Jul. Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat Wet meadows, grassy hillsides. Thin soils on slopes.
Elevation 1000–1500 m. (3300–4900 ft.) 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Trifolium siskiyouense is known from Shasta and Siskiyou counties, California, and Douglas, Jackson, and Josephine counties, Oregon. It is difficult to distinguish from T. wormskioldii without underground parts showing the tubers, but can be separated from the latter by deeply cut involucral segments, long-lobed, slender calyces, and the combination of long wing petals and short keel petals (J. M. Gillett 1980).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Trifolium palmeri is known from the islands off the coast of southern California and Baja California, Mexico. It was long considered a variety of T. gracilentum but molecular analyses support its recognition as distinct (N. W. Ellison et al. 2006).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium
Sibling taxa
T. albopurpureum, T. alexandrinum, T. amoenum, T. amphianthum, T. andersonii, T. andinum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. attenuatum, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. barnebyi, T. beckwithii, T. bejariense, T. bifidum, T. bolanderi, T. brandegeei, T. breweri, T. buckwestiorum, T. calcaricum, T. campestre, T. carolinianum, T. cernuum, T. ciliolatum, T. columbinum, T. cyathiferum, T. dasyphyllum, T. dedeckerae, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fragiferum, T. friscanum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gracilentum, T. grayi, T. gymnocarpon, T. haydenii, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. hydrophilum, T. incarnatum, T. jokerstii, T. kentuckiense, T. kingii, T. lappaceum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. lemmonii, T. longipes, T. lupinaster, T. macilentum, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. medium, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. monanthum, T. mucronatum, T. nanum, T. nigrescens, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. ornithopodioides, T. owyheense, T. palmeri, T. parryi, T. pinetorum, T. piorkowskii, T. plumosum, T. polyodon, T. pratense, T. productum, T. reflexum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. rollinsii, T. sonorense, T. stoloniferum, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. thompsonii, T. tomentosum, T. trichocalyx, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. virginicum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
T. albopurpureum, T. alexandrinum, T. amoenum, T. amphianthum, T. andersonii, T. andinum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. attenuatum, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. barnebyi, T. beckwithii, T. bejariense, T. bifidum, T. bolanderi, T. brandegeei, T. breweri, T. buckwestiorum, T. calcaricum, T. campestre, T. carolinianum, T. cernuum, T. ciliolatum, T. columbinum, T. cyathiferum, T. dasyphyllum, T. dedeckerae, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fragiferum, T. friscanum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gracilentum, T. grayi, T. gymnocarpon, T. haydenii, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. hydrophilum, T. incarnatum, T. jokerstii, T. kentuckiense, T. kingii, T. lappaceum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. lemmonii, T. longipes, T. lupinaster, T. macilentum, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. medium, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. monanthum, T. mucronatum, T. nanum, T. nigrescens, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. ornithopodioides, T. owyheense, T. parryi, T. pinetorum, T. piorkowskii, T. plumosum, T. polyodon, T. pratense, T. productum, T. reflexum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. rollinsii, T. siskiyouense, T. sonorense, T. stoloniferum, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. thompsonii, T. tomentosum, T. trichocalyx, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. virginicum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
Synonyms T. wormskioldii var. siskiyouense T. gracilentum var. palmeri
Name authority J. M. Gillett: Canad. J. Bot. 58: 1441. (1980) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 132. (1876)
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