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Siskiyou clover

drooping clover, nodding clover

Habit Herbs perennial, 20–50 cm, glabrous; rhizomes elongate, slender, roots tuberous. Herbs annual, 5–40 cm, glabrous.
Stems

erect, sparsely branched.

prostrate, ascending, or erect, branched.

Leaves

palmate;

stipules lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm, margins entire or slightly lacerate, apex acuminate;

petiole 1.6–2.4 cm;

petiolules 0.5 mm;

leaflets 3, blades obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, 0.8–3 × 0.5–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins fine or thickened distally, margins finely serrulate, apex acute, mucronate, or retuse, surfaces glabrous.

palmate;

stipules triangular-lanceolate, 0.9–1 cm, margins entire, apex long-acuminate, reflexing;

petiole 1–10 cm;

petiolules to 1 mm;

leaflets 3, blades obovate or obcordate, 0.4–1.5 × 0.4–1 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, recurved, margins coarsely dentate, apex rounded, truncate, or emarginate, surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

usually terminal, sometimes axillary, 30–50-flowered, subglobose, 1.2–1.8 × 1.5–2 cm;

involucres shallowly bowl-shaped, 18–22 mm, deeply incised, lobes slender, irregular or bifurcate.

axillary or terminal, 8–20-flowered, depressed-globose, 0.9–1.1 × 0.8–1 cm;

involucres absent.

Peduncles

2.8–3.4 cm.

0.6–1.5 cm, becoming shorter distally.

Pedicels

straight, 0.5–0.8 mm;

bracteoles linear, 1–2 mm.

reflexed in fruit, 0.5–2 mm;

bracteoles lanceolate, 1 mm.

Flowers

10–13 mm;

calyx tubular, 0.5–0.6 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2 mm, lobes ± equal, 3–4 mm, orifice open;

corolla white to purple, 9–12 mm, banner oblong, 7–12 × 2–3 mm, apex retuse.

4–5.5 mm;

calyx tubular-campanulate, 4 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–2.2 mm, lobes subequal, triangular-subulate, margins green, pink, or purple, orifice open;

corolla pink, 4–5 mm, banner obovate, 4–5 × 1–2 mm, apex deeply emarginate.

Legumes

oblong, 2–4 mm.

ovoid-ellipsoid, 4 mm.

Seeds

2–4, brown, subglobose or mitten-shaped, 1.5 mm, smooth.

1–4, yellow, ovoid, 0.8–1 mm, minutely papillate.

2n

= 16.

Trifolium siskiyouense

Trifolium cernuum

Phenology Flowering Jun–Jul. Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Wet meadows, grassy hillsides. Roadsides, lawns.
Elevation 1000–1500 m. (3300–4900 ft.) 0–150 m. (0–500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; SC; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Trifolium siskiyouense is known from Shasta and Siskiyou counties, California, and Douglas, Jackson, and Josephine counties, Oregon. It is difficult to distinguish from T. wormskioldii without underground parts showing the tubers, but can be separated from the latter by deeply cut involucral segments, long-lobed, slender calyces, and the combination of long wing petals and short keel petals (J. M. Gillett 1980).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Trifolium cernuum is a relatively recent introduction in the flora area. Other than a record from wool mill waste in North Carolina in 1932, the earliest records are from the 1990s in California.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium
Sibling taxa
T. albopurpureum, T. alexandrinum, T. amoenum, T. amphianthum, T. andersonii, T. andinum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. attenuatum, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. barnebyi, T. beckwithii, T. bejariense, T. bifidum, T. bolanderi, T. brandegeei, T. breweri, T. buckwestiorum, T. calcaricum, T. campestre, T. carolinianum, T. cernuum, T. ciliolatum, T. columbinum, T. cyathiferum, T. dasyphyllum, T. dedeckerae, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fragiferum, T. friscanum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gracilentum, T. grayi, T. gymnocarpon, T. haydenii, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. hydrophilum, T. incarnatum, T. jokerstii, T. kentuckiense, T. kingii, T. lappaceum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. lemmonii, T. longipes, T. lupinaster, T. macilentum, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. medium, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. monanthum, T. mucronatum, T. nanum, T. nigrescens, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. ornithopodioides, T. owyheense, T. palmeri, T. parryi, T. pinetorum, T. piorkowskii, T. plumosum, T. polyodon, T. pratense, T. productum, T. reflexum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. rollinsii, T. sonorense, T. stoloniferum, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. thompsonii, T. tomentosum, T. trichocalyx, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. virginicum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
T. albopurpureum, T. alexandrinum, T. amoenum, T. amphianthum, T. andersonii, T. andinum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. attenuatum, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. barnebyi, T. beckwithii, T. bejariense, T. bifidum, T. bolanderi, T. brandegeei, T. breweri, T. buckwestiorum, T. calcaricum, T. campestre, T. carolinianum, T. ciliolatum, T. columbinum, T. cyathiferum, T. dasyphyllum, T. dedeckerae, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fragiferum, T. friscanum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gracilentum, T. grayi, T. gymnocarpon, T. haydenii, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. hydrophilum, T. incarnatum, T. jokerstii, T. kentuckiense, T. kingii, T. lappaceum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. lemmonii, T. longipes, T. lupinaster, T. macilentum, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. medium, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. monanthum, T. mucronatum, T. nanum, T. nigrescens, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. ornithopodioides, T. owyheense, T. palmeri, T. parryi, T. pinetorum, T. piorkowskii, T. plumosum, T. polyodon, T. pratense, T. productum, T. reflexum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. rollinsii, T. siskiyouense, T. sonorense, T. stoloniferum, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. thompsonii, T. tomentosum, T. trichocalyx, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. virginicum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
Synonyms T. wormskioldii var. siskiyouense
Name authority J. M. Gillett: Canad. J. Bot. 58: 1441. (1980) Brotero: Phytogr. Lusit. Select. 1: 150, plate 62. (1816)
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