Trifolium repens |
Trifolium dedeckerae |
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Dutch clover, trèfle blanc, white clover |
Dedecker's clover |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, 10–40 cm, glabrous or glabrescent. | Herbs perennial, 20–25 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | creeping, branched, rooting at nodes. |
± erect, loosely cespitose, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules lanceolate, 0.9–1.3 cm, margins entire, apex short-subulate; petiole 5–20 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, obcordate, or orbiculate, 0.6–4 × 0.4–2.5 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately prominent, margins serrulate distally, apex rounded, emarginate, or retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
basal and cauline, palmate; stipules ovate, 1.1–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate-subulate; petiole 5–15 cm; petiolules absent; leaflets 3, blades lanceolate to linear, 2–4 × 0.1–0.6 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins remotely serrate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary, 20–40+-flowered, globose, 1.5–3.5 × 1.5–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal or axillary, 10–18-flowered, ellipsoid to subglobose, 1.8–2.2 × 2.3–2.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers, undivided or forked, often bearing sterile flower buds distally; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | erect, from prostrate stems, 1.5–30 cm. |
7–16 cm, slightly twisted apically. |
Pedicels | strongly reflexed in fruit, elongate, 3–5 mm; bracteoles white, lanceolate, 1–2 mm. |
strongly reflexed in fruit, 0.5 mm; bracteoles minute. |
Flowers | 8–13 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–5 mm, glabrous, veins 6–10, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes unequal to subequal, adaxial shorter than tube, triangular-lanceolate, orifice open; corolla white, often pinkish in age, 4–12 mm, banner ovate-lanceolate or oblong, 4–12 × 1–4 mm, apex rounded. |
13–15 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, 6–8.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes unequal, triangular-subulate, orifice open; corolla pink to purple, 15 mm, banner oblong, 14–16 × 6–7 mm, apex acute or apiculate. |
Legumes | linear-oblong, 4–5 mm. |
ellipsoid, 5 mm. |
Seeds | 3 or 4, yellow, reddish brown, or light brown, ovoid-reniform, 1 mm, smooth, glossy. |
1 or 2, brown, flattened ovoid, 2 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16, 28, 32, 48, 64. |
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Trifolium repens |
Trifolium dedeckerae |
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Phenology | Flowering Feb–Oct. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Fields, lawns, roadsides, forest edges, waste places. | Rock crevices, dry slopes. |
Elevation | 0–4000 m. (0–13100 ft.) | 2100–3400 m. (6900–11200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Greenland; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Africa, Pacific Islands]
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CA |
Discussion | Trifolium repens may very well be the most important temperate pasture plant (M. J. Baker and W. M. Williams 1987) and has been considered the most important perennial pasture plant in North America (C. V. Piper 1924). It was introduced at least as early as the mid 1800s (R. N. Mack 2003) and spread so rapidly that it became known to Native Americans as White Man’s Foot Grass (W. Strickland 1801). It is morphologically diverse; most material from the flora area represents var. repens, but some specimens fit within the circumscriptions given by M. Zohary and D. Heller (1984) of var. giganteum Lagrèze-Fossat, with inflorescences to 3.5 cm diameter and leaflets nearly 4 cm; others have smaller, pale-pink petals with hairy petioles and pedicels, and approach var. biasolettii (Steudel & Hochstetter) Ascherson & Graebner (T. occidentale Coombe). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium dedeckerae is known from Inyo, Kern, Mono, and Tulare counties. It is similar to T. macilentum and T. productum, from which it differs by its much narrower leaflets (J. M. Gillett 1972). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. saxicola | T. kingii subsp. dedeckerae, T. macilentum var. dedeckerae |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 767. (1753) | J. M. Gillett: Madroño 21: 451, fig. 1. (1972) |
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