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elongated clover, productive clover, Shasta clover

bird clover

Habit Herbs perennial, 15–45 cm, glabrous. Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous or glabrescent.
Stems

± erect, loosely cespitose, branched.

procumbent, ascending, or erect, branched.

Leaves

basal and cauline, palmate;

stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–2 cm, margins usually entire, sometimes lobed, apex acute to acuminate;

petiole 0.5–12 cm;

petiolules 1 mm;

leaflets 3, blades lanceolate or elliptic, 0.5–2 × 0.3–1.3 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins serrate, apex acute, apiculate, surfaces glabrous.

palmate;

stipules obovate-lanceolate, 0.5–0.8 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or cuspidate;

petiole 4–10 cm;

petiolules 0.5 mm;

leaflets 3, blades obcordate or obovate, 0.6–1 × 0.4–0.6 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins finely serrate, apex truncate or emarginate, surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

terminal or axillary, 15–30-flowered, ellipsoid or conic, 1.5–2 × 1–3 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers, undivided or forked, often bearing sterile flower buds distally;

involucres absent.

axillary, 1–5-flowered, loose, oblong, 0.5–1.2 × 0.1–0.5 cm;

involucres absent or bracteoles shallow, cuplike, ± equaling pedicels.

Peduncles

2–13 cm, slightly twisted apically.

0.5–2 cm.

Pedicels

strongly reflexed in fruit, 0.5 mm;

bracteoles minute, lanceolate.

straight or slightly reflexed, 1–3 mm;

bracteoles lanceolate, 1 mm.

Flowers

12–14 mm;

calyx pink to purple, campanulate, 3–3.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10 (5 sometimes faint), tube 1.5–1.7 mm, lobes subequal, triangular-subulate, orifice open;

corolla pink to deep purple, 12–14 mm, banner oblong, 12–14 × 4–5 mm, apex rounded or retuse.

5–10 mm;

calyx campanulate, 4–4.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2.5–3 mm, lobes unequal, triangular, orifice open;

corolla pink or white, 5–9 mm, banner oblong, 5–9 × 2–3 mm, apex rounded.

Legumes

obliquely ellipsoid, 5 mm.

stipitate, ellipsoid-oblong, 6–10 mm.

Seeds

1 or 2, brown, often purple-mottled, flattened ovoid, 2–3 mm, smooth.

4–9, black or dark brown, ellipsoid-globose, 1–1.5 mm, smooth, glossy.

2n

= 16.

= 16.

Trifolium productum

Trifolium ornithopodioides

Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Open coniferous woods, rocky places, stream banks, grassy meadows, near springs. Coastal slopes, roadsides.
Elevation 1100–2800 m. (3600–9200 ft.) 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
NB; Europe; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Trifolium productum is morphologically most similar to T. kingii, from which it differs by its glabrous calyces and inflorescence rachises surpassing the flowers to 1.5 cm and apically forked (M. Zohary and D. Heller 1984). Trifolium productum is geographically isolated from T. kingii; the former is restricted to northern California, western Oregon, and western Nevada, while the latter is restricted to Utah and easternmost Nevada (J. M. Gillett 1972).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Trifolium ornithopodioides comprises small plants and has been considered a member of Trigonella by some authors; molecular studies by N. W. Ellison et al. (2006) showed that it is nested within Trifolium.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium
Sibling taxa
T. albopurpureum, T. alexandrinum, T. amoenum, T. amphianthum, T. andersonii, T. andinum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. attenuatum, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. barnebyi, T. beckwithii, T. bejariense, T. bifidum, T. bolanderi, T. brandegeei, T. breweri, T. buckwestiorum, T. calcaricum, T. campestre, T. carolinianum, T. cernuum, T. ciliolatum, T. columbinum, T. cyathiferum, T. dasyphyllum, T. dedeckerae, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fragiferum, T. friscanum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gracilentum, T. grayi, T. gymnocarpon, T. haydenii, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. hydrophilum, T. incarnatum, T. jokerstii, T. kentuckiense, T. kingii, T. lappaceum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. lemmonii, T. longipes, T. lupinaster, T. macilentum, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. medium, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. monanthum, T. mucronatum, T. nanum, T. nigrescens, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. ornithopodioides, T. owyheense, T. palmeri, T. parryi, T. pinetorum, T. piorkowskii, T. plumosum, T. polyodon, T. pratense, T. reflexum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. rollinsii, T. siskiyouense, T. sonorense, T. stoloniferum, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. thompsonii, T. tomentosum, T. trichocalyx, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. virginicum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
T. albopurpureum, T. alexandrinum, T. amoenum, T. amphianthum, T. andersonii, T. andinum, T. angustifolium, T. appendiculatum, T. arvense, T. attenuatum, T. aureum, T. barbigerum, T. barnebyi, T. beckwithii, T. bejariense, T. bifidum, T. bolanderi, T. brandegeei, T. breweri, T. buckwestiorum, T. calcaricum, T. campestre, T. carolinianum, T. cernuum, T. ciliolatum, T. columbinum, T. cyathiferum, T. dasyphyllum, T. dedeckerae, T. depauperatum, T. dichotomum, T. douglasii, T. dubium, T. echinatum, T. eriocephalum, T. fragiferum, T. friscanum, T. fucatum, T. glomeratum, T. gracilentum, T. grayi, T. gymnocarpon, T. haydenii, T. hirtum, T. howellii, T. hybridum, T. hydrophilum, T. incarnatum, T. jokerstii, T. kentuckiense, T. kingii, T. lappaceum, T. latifolium, T. leibergii, T. lemmonii, T. longipes, T. lupinaster, T. macilentum, T. macraei, T. macrocephalum, T. medium, T. microcephalum, T. microdon, T. monanthum, T. mucronatum, T. nanum, T. nigrescens, T. obtusiflorum, T. oliganthum, T. owyheense, T. palmeri, T. parryi, T. pinetorum, T. piorkowskii, T. plumosum, T. polyodon, T. pratense, T. productum, T. reflexum, T. repens, T. resupinatum, T. retusum, T. rollinsii, T. siskiyouense, T. sonorense, T. stoloniferum, T. striatum, T. subterraneum, T. suffocatum, T. thompsonii, T. tomentosum, T. trichocalyx, T. variegatum, T. vesiculosum, T. virginicum, T. willdenovii, T. wormskioldii
Synonyms T. kingii subsp. productum, T. kingii var. productum Melilotus ornithopodioides, Trigonella ornithopodioides
Name authority Greene: Erythea 2: 181. (1894) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 766. (1753) — (as M. ornithopodioides)
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