Trifolium productum |
Trifolium albopurpureum |
|
---|---|---|
elongated clover, productive clover, Shasta clover |
Indian clover, rancheria clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 15–45 cm, glabrous. | Herbs annual, 5–40 cm, pubescent. |
Stems | ± erect, loosely cespitose, branched. |
erect, branched from base. |
Leaves | basal and cauline, palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–2 cm, margins usually entire, sometimes lobed, apex acute to acuminate; petiole 0.5–12 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades lanceolate or elliptic, 0.5–2 × 0.3–1.3 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins serrate, apex acute, apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules elliptic-ovate, 0.6–1 cm, margins entire, toothed, or remotely lobed, ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 0.5–7 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or elliptic, 0.5–2 × 0.2–1 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure or slightly thickened, margins serrate, apex acute or obtuse, often retuse, surfaces pubescent. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 15–30-flowered, ellipsoid or conic, 1.5–2 × 1–3 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers, undivided or forked, often bearing sterile flower buds distally; involucres absent. |
axillary or terminal, 25–50-flowered, ovoid-ellipsoid, 1–1.8 × 0.8–1.5 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2–13 cm, slightly twisted apically. |
0.5–10 cm. |
Pedicels | strongly reflexed in fruit, 0.5 mm; bracteoles minute, lanceolate. |
absent; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 12–14 mm; calyx pink to purple, campanulate, 3–3.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10 (5 sometimes faint), tube 1.5–1.7 mm, lobes subequal, triangular-subulate, orifice open; corolla pink to deep purple, 12–14 mm, banner oblong, 12–14 × 4–5 mm, apex rounded or retuse. |
6–9 mm; calyx campanulate, 6–8 mm, densely pubescent, veins 10 (additional faint veins sometimes present), tube 1–2 mm, lobes unequal, narrowly triangular, subulate, sinuses rounded, lobes divergent, orifice open; corolla white with purple tips, 4–6 mm, banner narrowly elliptic, 6–7 × 2 mm, apex acute, slightly erose. |
Legumes | obliquely ellipsoid, 5 mm. |
broadly ellipsoid, 2.8–3.2 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, often purple-mottled, flattened ovoid, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
1 (or 2), yellow or brown, often red-mottled, ellipsoid, 2–2.6 mm, smooth, glossy. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium productum |
Trifolium albopurpureum |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Sep. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Open coniferous woods, rocky places, stream banks, grassy meadows, near springs. | Grassy foothills and valleys. |
Elevation | 1100–2800 m. (3600–9200 ft.) | 0–2100 m. (0–6900 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; NV; OR
|
AZ; CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
Discussion | Trifolium productum is morphologically most similar to T. kingii, from which it differs by its glabrous calyces and inflorescence rachises surpassing the flowers to 1.5 cm and apically forked (M. Zohary and D. Heller 1984). Trifolium productum is geographically isolated from T. kingii; the former is restricted to northern California, western Oregon, and western Nevada, while the latter is restricted to Utah and easternmost Nevada (J. M. Gillett 1972). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium albopurpureum is a widespread member of a closely allied group of species, including T. amoenum, T. dichotomum, and T. columbinum, that intergrade to varying degrees and may co-occur in some populations. The great similarity among these species has led to a maddening array of synonyms as new suites of species have been recognized and various new combinations have been made. In spite of the resultant confusion, these species are relatively distinct and are differentiated on the following characters: inflorescences generally greater than 3 cm diam. (T. amoenum) versus less than 2.5 cm diam. in the others; corollas usually 8–12 mm with calyx lobes 2–3 times the tube (T. dichotomum), versus corollas usually 5–8.5 mm with calyx lobes 3–6 times the tube; calyces 8–12+ mm with lobes exceeding the corollas by 3–6 mm (T. columbinum), versus calyces 4–9 mm with lobes equaling the corollas or exceeding them by 1.5–2 mm (D. Isely 1998; M. A. Vincent and Isely 2012). Trifolium albopurpureum is widespread in California, northward through Oregon in coastal counties, and with scattered populations known from Washington and Arizona. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. kingii subsp. productum, T. kingii var. productum | T. albopurpureum var. neolagopus, T. helleri, T. macraei var. albopurpureum, T. neolagopus, T. pseudoalbopurpureum |
Name authority | Greene: Erythea 2: 181. (1894) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 313. (1838) |
Web links |
|