Trifolium owyheense |
Trifolium resupinatum |
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Owyhee clover |
Persian clover, reversed clover |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, 10–20 cm, glaucous, glabrous. | Herbs annual, 20–60 cm, glabrous or glabrescent. |
Stems | cespitose, spreading, branched proximally, sparsely branched distally. |
ascending, erect, or procumbent, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules broadly obovate, 1–2 cm, fused at base, margins slightly lobed, apex acute; petiole 2–6 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, obovate, or orbiculate, slightly overlapping, 1–2 × 0.7–2.3 cm, base truncate to rounded, veins prominent, margins sparsely dentate, apex rounded, emarginate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate or ovate, 0.5–1.8 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate-filiform; petiole 0.5–20 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, ovate, elliptic, or rhombic, 1–3 × 0.5–3 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately prominent, margins spinulose-dentate, apex rounded or broadly acute, surfaces hairy abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–30-flowered, globose, usually formed of 2 sessile heads, 2.5–5 × 2.5–5 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary, 15–30-flowered, subglobose to globose, flowers resupinate, forming stellate-spreading clusters in fruit, 0.5–1.6 × 0.8–1.5 cm; involucres a narrow rim, 0.2 mm. |
Peduncles | 3–7 cm, surpassing subtending leaves. |
1–6 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, reflexed in proximalmost flowers, 1 mm; bracteoles cuplike, 0.5 mm. |
slightly reflexed, to 0.5 mm; bracteoles minute or absent. |
Flowers | 15–21 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, 9–12 mm, pilose, veins 10, tube 4.5–6 mm, lobes subequal, abaxialmost longest, subulate, orifice open; corolla deep pink or magenta, 20–23 mm, banner tubular for most their length, 18–22 × 5–7 mm, apex flared. |
5–6 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, inflated in fruit, markedly asymmetric-bilabiate, slit between adaxial lobes, 2.5–3 mm, 8–11 mm in fruit, hairy, short-hairy or glabrescent in fruit, veins 10, connected by lateral veins, tube 2 mm, 7–9 mm in fruit, lobes green, erect, unequal, triangular, divergent, linear-lanceolate, unequal in fruit, orifice open; corolla pink to purple, 5–8 mm, banner oblong, 5–8 × 2 mm, apex emarginate to crenulate. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 4–5 mm. |
lenticular, 1.8–2.2 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow-mottled, mitten-shaped, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
1, ovoid, dark purple, olive green, yellow, or reddish brown, 1.5–1.9 mm, smooth, dull. |
2n | = 14, 16, 32. |
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Trifolium owyheense |
Trifolium resupinatum |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Dry shale hillsides on diatomaceous earth. | Wet meadows, lawns, roadsides, fields, waste places. |
Elevation | 1000–2000 m. (3300–6600 ft.) | 0–700 m. (0–2300 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; OR
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AL; AR; CA; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; ON; c Europe; s Europe; sw Asia; n Africa; introduced also in s South America (Argentina, Uruguay); s Africa; Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand); Australia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Trifolium owyheense is known from about 40 populations in a small portion of east-central Malheur County in Oregon, and immediately adjacent Owyhee County in Idaho (M. Mancuso 2001). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Widespread use of Trifolium resupinatum as a forage crop began in the late 1920s, after it began to flourish in Louisiana following a flood of the Mississippi River (E. A. Hollowell 1943). It is used in the southern United States as a pasture plant and for production of hay, and has spread widely from cultivation. Reports of Trifolium resupinatum for New Brunswick and Quebec are based on old collections; since the species has not been recollected for many years in either province, they are excluded here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Gilkey: Madroño 13: 169, fig. 1. (1956) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 771. (1753) |
Web links |
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