Trifolium owyheense |
Trifolium fragiferum |
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Owyhee clover |
strawberry clover |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, 10–20 cm, glaucous, glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 5–50 cm, pubescent or glabrous. |
Stems | cespitose, spreading, branched proximally, sparsely branched distally. |
prostrate or creeping, branched, rooting at nodes. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules broadly obovate, 1–2 cm, fused at base, margins slightly lobed, apex acute; petiole 2–6 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, obovate, or orbiculate, slightly overlapping, 1–2 × 0.7–2.3 cm, base truncate to rounded, veins prominent, margins sparsely dentate, apex rounded, emarginate, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules linear or lanceolate, dilated proximally, 1.3–2 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or acuminate; petiole 1–9 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, obovate, or elliptic, 0.5–3 × 0.3–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened, curved, margins spinulose-denticulate, apex obtuse, often retuse, surfaces hairy abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–30-flowered, globose, usually formed of 2 sessile heads, 2.5–5 × 2.5–5 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary, erect or ascending, 10–30-flowered, globose, 0.8–2 × 0.8–2 cm; involucres cup-shaped, composed of bracteoles, bracteoles lanceolate-oblong, 3–6 mm, distinct or connate proximally. |
Peduncles | 3–7 cm, surpassing subtending leaves. |
3–17 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, reflexed in proximalmost flowers, 1 mm; bracteoles cuplike, 0.5 mm. |
straight, to 0.5 mm; bracteoles linear or lanceolate, 2–3 mm, acuminate or 2-fid. |
Flowers | 15–21 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, 9–12 mm, pilose, veins 10, tube 4.5–6 mm, lobes subequal, abaxialmost longest, subulate, orifice open; corolla deep pink or magenta, 20–23 mm, banner tubular for most their length, 18–22 × 5–7 mm, apex flared. |
6–8 mm; calyx tubular, inflated in fruit, markedly asymmetric-bilabiate, 2.5–7 mm, usually pilose to woolly, sometimes glabrescent, veins 5–10, connected by reticulating lateral veins, tube 2–7 mm, lobes unequal, abaxial equal to or longer than tube, straight, adaxial spreading in fruit, shorter than tube, very unequal in fruit, orifice open; corolla white to pink, 5–8 mm, banner oblong-lancelate, 5–8 × 2 mm, apex emarginate to crenulate. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 4–5 mm. |
ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, long-beaked. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow-mottled, mitten-shaped, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
1 or 2, tan or brown-spotted, globose-reniform, 1–1.4 mm, smooth, dull. |
2n | = 16. |
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Trifolium owyheense |
Trifolium fragiferum |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Nov. |
Habitat | Dry shale hillsides on diatomaceous earth. | Meadows, fields, roadsides, sandy and saline soils. |
Elevation | 1000–2000 m. (3300–6600 ft.) | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; OR
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AZ; CA; CO; GA; IA; ID; IL; KS; MA; MN; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; BC; ON; c Europe; s Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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Discussion | Trifolium owyheense is known from about 40 populations in a small portion of east-central Malheur County in Oregon, and immediately adjacent Owyhee County in Idaho (M. Mancuso 2001). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium fragiferum is cultivated for pastures and in mixtures with grass for hay and silage and, to a lesser extent, as groundcover in orchards and vineyards and as a green manure cover crop (L. St. John et al. 2010). It appears to have been introduced accidentally in the 1870s and as a crop around 1900 (E. A. Hollowell 1939). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Amoria bonannii, T. bonannii, T. fragiferum subsp. bonannii | |
Name authority | Gilkey: Madroño 13: 169, fig. 1. (1956) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 772. (1753) |
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