Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium virginicum |
|
---|---|---|
big-head clover, large-head clover |
kates mountain clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs perennial, 3–10 cm, pilose. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
cespitose, prostrate, branched from crown. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules oblanceolate to ovate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 5–10 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades linear-elliptic, elliptic, narrowly oblong, or lanceolate, 1–7 × 0.4–1 cm, base cuneate, veins fine or thickened, margins entire or serrulate, apex truncate to acute, surfaces pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal or axillary, 20–40-flowered, becoming supine in fruit, globose, 1.5–3.5 × 1.5–3 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
2–6 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
reflexed in fruit, 3–8 mm; bracteoles ovate or lanceolate-linear, to 1 mm. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
10–12 mm; calyx campanulate, 4–7 mm, pilose, veins 10, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes equal, subulate, orifice open; corolla white, sometimes becoming pink to red, 10–12 mm, banner obovate-oblong, 10–12 × 4–5 mm, apex rounded, retuse or mucronate. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
stipitate, obovoid, 4–7.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1, yellow-brown, mitten-shaped, 1.8–2.1 mm, rugose. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 16. |
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium virginicum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Shale barren slopes. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. [260–8200 ft.] | 400–1200 m. [1300–3900 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
MD; PA; VA; WV |
Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium virginicum is an endemic species of shale barrens in the Appalachian Mountains, from Bedford, Franklin, and Fulton counties in Pennsylvania, southward through eastern West Virginia and western Maryland, to northwestern Virginia. Genetic similarity is high among populations of Trifolium virginicum, and gene flow appears to be low (T. M. Linscott 1994). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | Small: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 112, plate 75. (1894) |
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