Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium suffocatum |
|
---|---|---|
big-head clover, large-head clover |
small cluster clover, suffocated clover, suffocating clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs annual, 3–10 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
procumbent or erect, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 0.3–0.5 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate-subulate; petiole 1–6 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or obcordate, 0.3–0.8 × 0.2–0.6 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent adaxially, margins finely toothed, apex truncate or retuse, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary, 10–20-flowered, dense, globose, 0.5–0.8 × 0.5–0.8 cm; involucres absent, stipules forming involucrelike structures, overtopping inflorescences. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
essentially absent. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
straight, 0.1 mm; bracteoles triangular, membranous, 0.5–1.2 mm, apiculate. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
3–5 mm; calyx tubular, 3–5 mm, slightly hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes subequal, lanceolate, curved in fruit, orifice open; corolla white, 2.5–3.5 mm, banner obovate, 2.5–3.5 × 1 mm, apex acute. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
ovoid-ellipsoid, 3–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
2, yellow, lenticular or reniform, 0.8–1 mm, minutely papillate. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 16. |
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium suffocatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Apr. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Roadsides, gravelly lawns. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. (300–8200 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
CA; OR; WA; w Europe; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Chile), w Asia, s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia] |
Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium suffocatum is known from Monterey and San Mateo counties in California, Benton and Coos counties in Oregon, and San Juan County in Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | Linnaeus: Mant. Pl. 2: 276. (1771) |
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