Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium siskiyouense |
|
---|---|---|
big-head clover, large-head clover |
Siskiyou clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs perennial, 20–50 cm, glabrous; rhizomes elongate, slender, roots tuberous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
erect, sparsely branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm, margins entire or slightly lacerate, apex acuminate; petiole 1.6–2.4 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, 0.8–3 × 0.5–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins fine or thickened distally, margins finely serrulate, apex acute, mucronate, or retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
usually terminal, sometimes axillary, 30–50-flowered, subglobose, 1.2–1.8 × 1.5–2 cm; involucres shallowly bowl-shaped, 18–22 mm, deeply incised, lobes slender, irregular or bifurcate. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
2.8–3.4 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
straight, 0.5–0.8 mm; bracteoles linear, 1–2 mm. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
10–13 mm; calyx tubular, 0.5–0.6 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2 mm, lobes ± equal, 3–4 mm, orifice open; corolla white to purple, 9–12 mm, banner oblong, 7–12 × 2–3 mm, apex retuse. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
oblong, 2–4 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
2–4, brown, subglobose or mitten-shaped, 1.5 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
|
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium siskiyouense |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Wet meadows, grassy hillsides. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. [260–8200 ft.] | 1000–1500 m. [3300–4900 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
CA; OR |
Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium siskiyouense is known from Shasta and Siskiyou counties, California, and Douglas, Jackson, and Josephine counties, Oregon. It is difficult to distinguish from T. wormskioldii without underground parts showing the tubers, but can be separated from the latter by deeply cut involucral segments, long-lobed, slender calyces, and the combination of long wing petals and short keel petals (J. M. Gillett 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | T. wormskioldii var. siskiyouense |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | J. M. Gillett: Canad. J. Bot. 58: 1441. (1980) |
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