Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium pinetorum |
|
---|---|---|
big-head clover, large-head clover |
pine clover, pinewoods clover, woods clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs perennial, 5–30 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose; rhizomes absent, roots stout, branched. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
prostrate to ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate-ovate, 0.7–1.3 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate; petiole 1–8.5 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate or obovate, 0.5–2.9 × 0.4–1.3 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins denticulate to spinulose, apex usually rounded or truncate, sometimes retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary or terminal, 10–20-flowered, obconic, globose, or subglobose, 1.7–2.5 × 1.–1.5 cm; involucres broadly campanulate, 6–8 mm, incised ± 3/4 their length, lobes 15–20, linear-lanceolate, entire, acuminate. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
4–6 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
erect to slightly reflexed, 1–2 mm; bracteoles ovate, 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
10–16 mm; calyx campanulate, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–2.3 mm, lobes ± equal, subulate, 3–5 mm, orifice open; corolla white to pale purple, keel petals with dark purple-red tips, 11–13 mm, banner oblong, 11–13 × 4–5 mm, apex retuse. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
short-stipitate, oblong, 3.5–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1 or 2, olive-brown, mottled purple, oblong, 1.5 mm, smooth, semiglossy. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 16. |
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium pinetorum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Oct. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Disturbed areas in pine, fir, or spruce forests. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. [260–8200 ft.] | 2300–2800 m. [7500–9200 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua)
|
Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium pinetorum is found in Cochise, Coconino, Pima, and Santa Cruz counties in Arizona, and Catron, Grant, Lincoln, and Otero counties in New Mexico, as well as the Sierra Madre in Chihuahua, Mexico. It occupies disturbed areas in pine-fir-spruce forests, and has adapted well to anthropogenic disturbances, such as roadsides and other graded areas (J. M. Gillett 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | T. longicaule, T. willdenovii var. longicaule, T. wormskioldii var. longicaule |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | Greene: Erythea 2: 182. (1894) |
Web links |