Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium lupinaster |
|
---|---|---|
big-head clover, large-head clover |
lupine clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs perennial, 15–50 cm, glabrous or curly-pilose. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
erect, unbranched or branched distally. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules adnate entire length of petiole, sheathing, lanceolate-oblong, 0.8–1.3 cm, margins sharply and finely serrate, pilose, apex acute; petiole 0.5–0.7 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets (3–)5(–9), blades elliptic to linear-elliptic, 1–4 × 0.3–1.4 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, cartilagenous, ending in sharp, curved teeth, margins setaceous, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous except midrib abaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal or axillary, 10–30-flowered, hemispheric or globose, 1.7–2.3 × 2.7–3.3 cm; involucres oblique, to 0.5 mm, wavy to toothed. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
1–5 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
erect or horizontal, 1–3 mm; bracteoles broadly shell-shaped, sometimes connate into lobed ridge, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
11–17 mm; calyx campanulate, oblique, 6–9 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally and along veins, veins 10, tube 3 mm, lobes subequal, pilose, abaxial slightly longer, subulate, orifice open; corolla white to rose-purple, 10–15 mm, banner rolled into open tube, arched upwards distally, 10–15 × 4–5 mm, apex broadly rounded or acute, apiculate. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
oblong, 6–8 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
3–6, dark brown or gray-brown, globose-reniform, 1.5–2 mm, slightly roughened, dull. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 16, 32, 40, 48. |
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium lupinaster |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Forest glades, meadows. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. [260–8200 ft.] | 0–400 m. [0–1300 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
AK; Asia (n China, Russia) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Populations of Trifolium lupinaster in Alaska appear to have been introduced as a potential forage crop and spread from cultivation (D. F. Murray and H. F. Drury 1974). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | Lupinaster pentaphyllus, Pentaphyllon lupinaster |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 766. (1753) |
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