Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium grayi |
|
---|---|---|
big-head clover, large-head clover |
andrews' clover, Gray's clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs annual, 10–40 cm, densely pubescent or glabrate. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
erect, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 0.5–1.5 cm, margins toothed or lacerate, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 1–15 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins dentate-serrate to crenulate, teeth shortly aristate, apex obtuse or broadly acute, surfaces pubescent or glabrate. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary or terminal, 5–30-flowered, subglobose or globose, 1.8–3 × 2–3 cm; involucres bowl-shaped, 10–25 mm, lobes 6–16, sharply setaceous-toothed, sinuses shallow. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
2–15 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
straight, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
10–17 mm; calyx campanulate, 6–13 mm, pubescent, veins 5, tube 3–5 mm, lobes unequal, setaceous, abaxial inconspicuously 2- or 3-fid, adaxial unbranched, segments plumose, orifice open; corolla usually lavender or purple, sometimes purple with white tips, 8–16 mm, banner oblong, proximally inflated in fruit, distally narrowed into twisted tip, 3–5 × 10–13 mm, apex obtuse, truncate, or emarginate. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
stipitate, ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–4 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1 or 2, pale brown, mottled, ellipsoid to mitten-shaped, 1.6–2 mm, rugose. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
|
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium grayi |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Wet meadows, foothill slopes, pine woodlands. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. [260–8200 ft.] | 0–600 m. [0–2000 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
CA |
Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium grayi, which ranges from San Luis Obispo County in the south to Mendocino County in the north, and eastward into Amador, Sacramento, and Tuolumne counties, has long been considered a variety of T. barbigerum and some authors claim that intermediates between the two species are encountered (J. S. Martin 1943; D. Isely 1998); others state that the two taxa are distinct (L. F. McDermott 1910; M. A Vincent and R. Morgan 1998). Trifolium andrewsii (A. Gray) A. Heller is an illegitimate superfluous name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | T. barbigerum var. andrewsii, T. barbigerum var. lilacinum, T. lilacinum |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | Lojacono: Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 189. (1883) |
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