Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium glomeratum |
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big-head clover, large-head clover |
cluster clover |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs annual, 10–30 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
procumbent, decumbent, or ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex subulate-setaceous; petiole 0–7 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or obcordate, 0.6–1.5 × 0.4–1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened distally, margins spinulose-serrate, apex retuse or rounded, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary, 30+-flowered, globose, 0.8–1 × 0.8–1 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
absent or to 0.1 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
straight, to 0.2 mm; bracteoles linear, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
6–8.5 mm; calyx tubular-obconic, 3–4 mm, glabrous, veins 10–12, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes equal, triangular-ovate, spreading to recurved in fruit, orifice open; corolla pink, 6–8 mm, banner obovate, 6–8 × 1–2 mm, apex acute. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
obovoid, 2–3 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
2, brown, reniform, 1 mm, tuberculate. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 14, 16. |
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium glomeratum |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Roadsides, lawns, thin grasslands. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. [260–8200 ft.] | 0–500 m. [0–1600 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
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AL; CA; OR; SC; TX; BC; Europe; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America, s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium glomeratum is cultivated occasionally as a forage crop (F. J. Hermann 1953) and sometimes spreads. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 770. (1753) |
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