Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium breweri |
|
---|---|---|
big-head clover, large-head clover |
Brewer's clover, forest clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 5–25 cm, villous. | Herbs perennial, 5–50 cm, glaucous, sparsely appressed-pubescent. |
Stems | erect or ascending, branched. |
erect or ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, obovate, or oblong, 1–3 cm, margins entire, irregularly lobed, or serrate, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–14 cm; petiolules 0.9–1.2 mm; leaflets (5–)7–9, blades broadly to narrowly obovate, often folded, 1–2.7 × 0.4–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, especially distally, margins serrulate, apex rounded or truncate, apiculate, surfaces villous abaxially, sparsely villous to glabrate adaxially. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 0.3–1 cm, margins entire, apex long-acuminate; petiole 0.3–4 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate to obcordate, 0.3–1.5 × 0.3–1.2 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, recurved, margins dentate, apex obtuse or emarginate, surfaces sparsely hairy abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 20–32-flowered, globose or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–8 × 3–7 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary, 5–25-flowered, globose, 1.3–1.5 × 1.3–1.5 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2–8 cm. |
geniculate proximal to flowers, inflorescence appearing inverted, 3–5 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, membranous, to 0.5 mm, truncate. |
strongly reflexed in fruit, 2–3 mm; bracteoles minute. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm; calyx campanulate, 10–22 mm, villous, veins 10–15, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, plumose, orifice open; corolla white, creamy white, or pinkish, keel petals deep pink, 20–28 mm, banner ovate or oblong, 20–28 × 10–13 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
11–13 mm; calyx tubular, 6–8 mm, pilose or glabrous, veins 10, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla rose-pink or creamy white, 6–10 mm, banner ovate-oblong, 6–10 × 3 mm, equaling wing and keel petals, apex rounded or emarginate. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
short-stipitate, ovoid-ellipsoid, 7–10 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow or reddish, mitten-shaped to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1 or 2, brown, ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 32, 48. |
= 16. |
Trifolium macrocephalum |
Trifolium breweri |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Rocky places, hard, compacted clay-gumbo, lava beds, sage-covered slopes, full sun. | Wooded areas, roadsides, mixed evergreen or pine forests. |
Elevation | 80–2500 m. [260–8200 ft.] | 1000–2200 m. [3300–7200 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
|
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
|
Discussion | Trifolium macrocephalum has the largest inflorescences of any clover. Trifolium megacephalum Nuttall (1818) is an illegitimate replacement name for Lupinaster macrocephalum Pursh. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium breweri, which ranges from Madera County, California, northward to Josephine County, Oregon, is also reported from Baja California, Mexico. It was considered by J. S. Martin (1943) to be remarkably morphologically uniform; F. E. Clements (1920) termed it a foundational species in the Sierran Montane Forest Pinus Association climax formation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster macrocephalum | |
Name authority | (Pursh) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl., suppl. 5: 336. (1817) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 131. (1876) |
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